Genera of Pezizales

Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci., 23: 149 (1938)

Type species: Acervus aurantiacus Kanouse 1938

Type designated by Kanouse (1938)

Diagnosis: Apotheciis caespitosis, sessilibus, vel substipitatis in sclerotiformibus radicibus, coriaceis, fixis centralibus vel subcentricis, coloratis; hypotheciis parenchymaticis; excipulis prosenchymaticis; sporis ellipsoideis, non-septatis, hyalinis; paraphysibus crassis, irregulariter auctis, coloratis. Species typica Acervus aurantiacus.

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 330 (1870)

Type species: Acetabula vulgaris Fuckel 1870

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Cupulae sparsae, magnae, in stipitem crassum, sulcatum retrorsum attenuatae, carnosae, campanulatae, extus venosae laevesve. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia in asci superiori parte oblique monosticha, ovata vel oblongo-ovata, hyalina, continua, enucleata uninucleatave. Paraphyses filiformes, clavatae. Terrestres, plerumque vernales.

Synonym of Helvella

Stud. Fung., 5 (1): 454 (2020)

Type species: Ahmadea dalanensis Aman & Khalid 2020

Type designated by Aman, Khalid & Moncalvo (2020)

Diagnosis: Hypogeous ascomata, irregular in shape, thin excipulum, solid gleba lacking paraphyses, asci with eight spores (sometimes less), ascospores globose, ornamented with sharp spines with a broad base and blunt ends.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 325 (1870)

Type species: Aleuria aurantia (Pers.) Fuckel 1870

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Cupulae gregariae, magnae, ampliato-campanulatae, extus farinosae, stipitatae subsessilesve, carnosae, disco concavo, marginato, colorato. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia oblique monosticha, oblongo-ovata, 1—2 guttulata, continua, hyalina, episporio granuloso. Paraphyses filiformes, coloratae. Autumnales. Terricolae.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 17 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Misc. Inf. Kew, 1898: 13 (1898)

Type species: Aleurina tasmanica Massee 1898

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 11 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 57 (1): 89 (1971)

Type species: Amylascus herbertianus (J.W. Cribb) Trappe 1971

Type designated by Trappe (1971)

Diagnosis: Ascocarpi subglobosi, plicati. Excipulm externum verrucosum, cellulis inflatissimis. Gleba venis coloratis, cellulosis. Asci sporis 5–8, parietibus amyloideis, incrassatis. Sporae globosae, ornatae.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarp subglobose, plicate. Peridium red to blackish brown, verrucose, tomentose, with an outer layer of greatly inflated (up to 100 µm) cells. Gleba trame not differentiated into fertile and non-fertile areas but deeply penetrated by meandering, red, peridium-line veins. Asci 5- to 8-spored, ellipsoid, sessile or with a short, simple stem, at maturity the walls more or less 2 µm thick and faintly blue in Melzer''s reagent. Spores globose, echinulate, hyaline.

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 106 (1885)

Type species: Peziza melaloma Alb. & Schwein. 1805

Type designated by Boudier (1885)

Diagnosis: Poils courts et obtus ; spores avec ou sans sporidioles. Espèces à spores lisses ; carbonicoles

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 15 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, first cupuliform then discoid or flattened, hymenium yellow-orange to dull orangish, with an external surface covered by superficial light umber brown to brown pseudo-hairs, i.e. brown clavate or obtuse elongated cells. Margin hairy. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata and ectal layer of textura subglobulosa/angularis. Asci operculate, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, enlarged to capitate at the top, hyaline. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, biguttulate, thick-walled, smooth. Species saprobic on burnt soil.

Asexual morph of Scytalidium type.

Swainsona, 31 (6): 82 (2018)

Type species: Antrelloides atroceracea P.S. Catches. & D.E.A. Catches. 2018

Type designated by Catcheside & Catcheside (2018)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecial ascomata up to 40 mm diam. Hymenium convex; firm, waxy; black, violaceous-black. Basal stipe substantial; obconic; a chambered base of knobby columnar ridges radiating from base; fragile, waxy. Asci amyloid; cylindrical; operculate; 8-spored. Ascospores ellipsoid; smooth under light microscope. Paraphyses longer than asci; septate; tips swollen and tending to aggregate, encrusted with brown amorphous matter; branching occasionally near tips. Medullary excipulum of several layers of interwoven hyphae, grading into ectal excipulum. Ectal excipulum of large globose to subglobose cells with interwoven hyphae. Stipe tissue of textura globulosa and chains of subglobose cells.

Anal. Soc. cient. argent., 94 (1-2): 81 (1922)

Type species: Aparaphysaria doelloi Speg. 1922

Type designated by  Spegazzini (1922)

Diagnosis: Char. Pezizea, subceraceo-carnosa, glaberrima, hyalospora; ascomata mediocra subturbinato-cupulata, sessilia; asci cylindracei densissime constipati, octospori, operculatim dehiscentes, paraphysibus omnino nullis; sporae ellipticae, continuae, hyalinae, laeves.
Est Peziza paraphysibus plane destituta.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 104 (2): 541 (2012)

Type species: Aquapeziza globispora D.M. Hu, L. Cai & K.D. Hyde 2012

Type designated by Hu et al. (2012)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia scattered, epigeous, sessile, turbinate, white; excipulum composed of an ectal exipulum of textura globulosa to textura angularis and medullary excipulum of textura intricata. Paraphyses cylindrical, septate, hyaline. Asci unitunicate, not protruding, operculum not distinct, at first broad cylindrical becoming ovoid at maturity, with a rounded apex, hyaline, amyloid, eight-ascospored. Ascospores globose, one-celled, guttulate, hyaline, smooth.

Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon, 43, num. spéc.: 36 (1974)

Type species: Arpinia inops Berthet 1974

Type designated by Berthet (1974)

Diagnosis: Apotheciae terrestres, pedunculatae, cupulares, extrinsecus subtiliter furfuraceae, omnino pallidae, pigmentis carotenoidibus indigentes. Asci octospori, non iodo caerulescentes. Sporae uni – aut biguttulatae, ovatae, laeves, uninucleatae. Paraphyses clavatae, apice rectae. Ascogenae hyphae fibulatae.

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syst. Nat. Edn, 13, 2 (2): 1461 (1792)

Type species: Ascobolus pezizoides Pers. 1797

Family: Ascobolaceae

Number of species: 61 fide DoF [31 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Rhizostilbella type.

in Cohn, Krypt.-Fl. Schlesien, 3.2 (1-2): 32 (1893)

Type species: Ascocalathium stipitatum Eidam ex J. Schröt. 1893

Type designated by Schröter (in Cohn, 1893)

Diagnosis: Fruchtkörper frei aufsitzend, sehr klein, scheibenförmig aus kleinen fleischigen Grundlagen un den frei auf ihnen aufsitzenden Schläuchen mit dazwischen stehenden Paraphysen gebildet. Schläuche cylinderisch, 8sporig. Sporen ellipsoidisch; Membran farblos. Paraphysen haarförmig, die Schlaüche überragend.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. bot. Fr., 23: 275 (1876)

Type species: Ascodesmis nigricans Tiegh. 1876

Type designated by Seaver (1928)

Diagnosis: Comme l''exprime le nom d''Ascodesmis, que je propose de leur donner, le fruit mûre ces plantes se compose simplement d''un bouquet ou d''une rosette d''asques divergents, entremêlés de paraphyses, le tout inséré à la surface supérieure d''une petite masse cellulaire arrondie, qui à son tour s''attache au milieu de sa face inférieure et par un court rameau à un filament mycélien. Complétement dépourvus d''enveloppe ou de périasque, ces fruits sont très petits, les plus gros atteignant à peine 2 à 3 dixièmes de millimètre; aussi n''apparaissent-ils à l''oeil nu, sur la trame blanche formée par le mycélium aérien de la plante, que comme autant de petils points d''un brun-chocolat dans l''Ascodesmis nigricans, d''un jaune d''or dans l''Ascodesmis aurea. […]

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 6 fide DoF [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 10: 241 (1869)

Type species: Ascophanus granuliformis (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Boud. 1869

Diagnosis: Ascobolus et Peziza auctorum.
Receptaculum carnosum, glabrum, aut pruinosum, aut etiam pilosum, rario marginatum, semper sessile. Hymenium planum aut convexum, gelatina raro conspicua, thecis parum prominentibus, semper crystallino-papillatum. Paraphyses thecarum longitudine, simplices aut ramosae, septatae, graciles aut ad apicem incrassatae, hyalinae aut coloratae, intus saepius granulosae. Thecae crassae clavatae, raro oblongo-ovatae, hyalinae aut vix tinctae, ad basin attenuatae, sporas 8 includentes (unica specie thecas 16 sporas offert), operculo conspicuo, rotundato, saepius recurvato, dehiscentes. Sporae ovatae aut oblongo-ovatae, semper hyalinae aut vix tinctae, nudae sed juniores gelatina singulatim circumdatae, episporio hyalino, levi, raro minutissime punctato, nucleo conspicuo ; maturae ad extremitatem thecae sic aggregatae : sex in duabus seriebus juxtapositis et una utraque extremitate.

Synonym of Iodophanus ?

Mycotaxon, 23: 468 (1985)

Type species: Ascorhizoctonia praecox Chin S. Yang & Korf 1985

Type designated by Yang & Korf (1985)

Diagnosis: Coloniae celeriter crescentes, hyalinae vel brunnae, patellas petrianas 90 mm latas agarum + aquam, agarum + Zeae farinam, agarum + hordei tosti extractum, agarumve + Solani tuberosi dextrosum continentes 5–7 diebus temperatura ca 21 C velantes. Mycelium adpressum, immersum, superficiareve, annulis concentricis praesentibus absentibusve, cellularum monilioidearum caespites sporodochiis similes super agaro vel intra agarum saepe producentibus. Hyphae cylindrales, septatae, 2.0–13.0 mm latae, hyalinae vel brunneae, laeves vel sparsim verrucosae, aut parallele jacentes aut paene ad angulum 90° ramificantes, cellulis globulis oleosis repletis. Circuli et ponticuli hyphales praesentes vel absentes. Nec sclerotia vera nec bulbili procreati.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia sunken in the substratum up to halfway up the apothecial flanks; ascospores ellipsoid with conspicuously tapered ends, walls thick (0.7–1 μm), perispore cyanophilic, not loosening in CB, smooth or finely verrucose, RBI 1–2, containing only BSG; asci arising from compact croziers; hairs distributed only on marginal area, hair base narrow; colonies concentrically banded on MEA, of moderate growth (reaching 5–6 cm diam. on MEA at fourth day); ascorhizoctonia-type anamorph normally formed on MEA; mycelia forming loops on water agar and CMA; saprotrophic; so far including species with yellowish to ochre hymenia in fresh apothecia, occurring only on burnt substrates.

Bull. nat. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, n.s., 5: 45 (1960)

Type species: Ascosparassis shimizuensis Kobayasi 1960

Type designated by Kobayasi (1960)

Diagnosis: Fructificationes e sclerotio subterraneo carnoso oriundae, stipitatae coriaceae flabellatim dilatatae, margine lobatae undulatae integrae; hymenio unilaterali laevi; excipulo externo verrucoso parenchymatico, hypothecio prosenchymatico. Paraphyses filiformes simplices, apice hamatae; ascis cylindricis octosporis inoperculatis J-; ascosporis uniseriatis ellipsoideis continuis laevibus hyalinis.

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Fructifications growing from underground sclerotioid carnose mycelial mass, stipitate coriaceous, flabellately dilated, margin lobed, undulate, entire; hymenium unilateral smooth; exciple (ectal excipulum) verrucose, parenchymatic; inner tissue (medullary excipulum) prosenchymatic. Paraphyses simple, not forming epithecium, apex peg-shaped; asci cylindric 8-spored inoperculate, apex opening by pore, not bluing with iodine. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid smooth one-celled, hyaline.

Ascomycete.org, 13 (1): 9 (2021)

Type species: Lachnea solsequia Quél. 1892

Type designated by Van Vooren et al. (2021)

Diagnosis: Differs from Humaria by the orange-coloured hymenium, smooth or finely dotted ascospores, its saprobic trophic status and genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, orange-coloured, with an external surface and margin covered by brown hairs. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata, ectal layer of textura subglobulosa/angularis. Hairs simple, superficial, septate, with a simple base. Asci operculate, narrowing towards the base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, not enlarged at the top, containing carotenoid pigments. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, biguttulate, smooth or very finely dotted. Trophic status probably saprobic. Asexual morph unknown.

Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., tweede sect., 57 (3): 52 (1968)

Type species: Peziza dochmia Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1868

Type designated by Rifai (1968)

Diagnosis: Apothecia gregaria, magna, stipitata vel subsessilia, inaequalia, flabelliformis, auriformis vel rara discoidea. Caro (excipulum medullare) e textura intricata, hyphis septatis, gracilibus, gelatinosis composita. Asci subcylindracei, inferne longe angustati, octospori. Ascospori uniseriati, hyalini, guttulati, leniter curvati, striati. Paraphyses lineares, septatae, ramosae. Hab. ad lignum putridum.

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 112 (4): 811 (2020)

Type species: Babosia variospora D.G. Knapp, Zagyva, Trappe & Kovács 2020

Type designated by Knapp et al. (2020)

Diagnosis: Ascomata gasteroid, hypogeous. Differs from the phylogenetically most closely related Temperantia, Hydnobolites, and Stouffera by the dark sporogenous zone and dark brown spore color at maturity, the clear peridermal layer at maturity, and the variability of the ornamentation of the ascospores.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Tuberac.: 30 (1831)

Type species: Balsamia vulgaris Vittad. 1831

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Char. Uterus mollis, sessilis, arrhizus, semper clausus, celluloso-carnosus. Sporangia oblonga, membranacea, pedicellata, octospora, cellularum parietibus immersa ac seriatim disposita. Sporidia cylindracea, laevia, pellucida.

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 6 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 17 (6): 253 (1925)

Type species: Barssia oregonensis Gilkey 1925

Type designated by Gilkey (1925)

Diagnosis: Ascocarp scabrous to verrucose, reddish-yellow, nearly even to lobed, somewhat flattened with an irregular opening at the apex into a central depression; cortical structure of the surface of the ascocarp carried into the depression except where the hymenium projects inot it; inner tissue of the ascocarp thrown up in more or less connected folds, forming canals and chambers lined with hymenium, these canals opening into the cavity of the ascocarp; hymenium composed of regularly arranged asci and paraphyses; paraphyses very slender and much longer than the asci; asci cylindrical, somewhat club-shaped, 8-spored; spores ellipsoid, smooth, 1- or incompletely 2-seriate, colorless.

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Grevillea, 8 (45): 64 (1879)

Type species: Berggrenia aurantiaca Cooke 1879

Type designated by Cooke (1879)

Diagnosis: Carnosa, inflata, subsessilis, intus hymenio effuso obducta. Sporidiis amplis, ascigeris. Gard. Chron., Oct., 1879

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 31 (2): 71 (1977)

Type species: Humaria luteola Velen. 1934

Type designated by Svrček (1977)

Diagnosis: Apothecia minuta vel mediocria, sessilia, concava, discina, crasse carnosa, margine integro, nuda, luteo-colorata. Excipulum ectale medullareque textura globulosa vel subglobulosa, cellulis ecoloratis, parietibus haud incrassatis. Asci cylindracei, non amyloidei, octospori. Paraphyses tenuiter filiformes, apice non dilatatae, conspecte curvatae et spiraliter contortae. Ascosporae ellipsoideae, verrucosae, hyalinae. Hab. ad terram.

Family: Coprotaceae

Number of species: 6 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Grevillea, 6 (38): 76 (1877)

Type species: Boudiera areolata Cooke & W. Phillips 1877

Type designated by Cooke (1877)

Diagnosis: Immarginata, orbiculare, discoidea, plana, vel convexa, carnosa; hymenio papillato; ascis clavatis vel clavato-cylindraceis, exclusis; sporidiis globosis; paraphysibus distinctis.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 10 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg., 34: 130 (1895)

Type species: Boudierella cana Marchal

Type designated by Marchal (1895)

Diagnosis: Ascomata carnosula, sessilia, hemisphaerica. Discus planus, margine ciliatus, ascis papillatus. Asci oblongi, 4-spori, fissura longitrorsus dehiscentes, paraphysati. Sporidia globosa hyalina, laciniis numerosis, angustis, insigniter contecta.
A gen. affini Boudiera differt sporidiis non octonis nec coloratis ascisque longitrorsus dehiscentibus.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Meddn Soc. Fauna Flora fenn., 6: 6 (1881)

Type species: Byssonectria obducens P. Karst. 1881

Type designated by Karsten (1881)

Diagnosis: Perithecia stromate byssino, effuso, connexa, ceteroqvin, sicut etiam asci et sporae, Nectriellae; paraphyses numerosae.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 10 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Am. J. Bot., 54 (1): 22 (1967)

Type species: Caccobius minusculus Kimbr. 1967

Type designated by Kimbrough & Korf (1967)

Family: incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 103 (1885)

Type species: Peziza fulgens Pers. 1822

Type designated by Boudier (1885)

Diagnosis: Thèques de grandeurs ordinaires ou petites (brévithèques). Paraphyses rameuses, souvent atténuées aux extrémités ; thèques petites ; spores rondes.

Family: Caloscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Geniculodendron type.

N. Amer. Fl. Ser., 2, 1: 27 (1954)

Type species: Carbomyces emergens Gilkey 1954

Type designated by Gilkey (1954)

Diagnosis: Ascocarp compact, hypogaeous or epigaeous, more or less globose but with a suggestion of a slightly narrowed, darker base; peridium firm when dry, its texture somewhat that of carbonized wood; outer layer coarsely pseudoparenchymatous; innermost layer of coarse, free or more or less fused, branching hyphae, this layer continuing into the gleba as a network of veins surrounding nests of closely-packed minute asci; mature asci brownish, broadly obovate to globose, thick-walled, often eventually released from the hyphae, and tardily and irregularly dehiscent to allow gradual escape of the spores; spores 8, globose or broadly ellipsoid, smooth or with minute scattered papillae, brownish.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mem. N. Y. bot. Gdn, 49: 336 (1989)

Type species: Cazia flexiascus Trappe 1989

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bot. Gaz., 35: 157 (1903)

Type species: Cephaliophora tropica Thaxt. 1903

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 6 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Fungal Divers., 28: 69 (2008)

Type species: Chaetothiersia vernalis B.A. Perry & Pfister 2008

Type designated by Perry & Pfister (2008)

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, cupuliform, pale grey to whitish-coloured or yellow to orangish yellow, with an external surface covered by brown hairs. Margin hairy. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer thick, of textura intricata, and ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs superficial, simple, septate, with a simple ± swollen base. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from free croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, equal to enlarged (sometimes subcapitate) at the top, hyaline or containing a sparse granular yellow pigment. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, guttulate or not, smooth. Species saprobic on the litter and woody debris of conifers. Asexual morph unknown.

Norw. J. Bot., 22 (1): 1 (1975)

Type species: Chalazion sociabile Dissing & Sivertsen 1975

Type designated by Dissing & Sivertsen (1975)

Diagnosis: Carposoma parvum, superficiale, discoides vel pulvinatum, albidum vel colore perpallido, grandinem parvam revocans, unde nomen. Excipulum exterius simplex, e cellulis cyanophilis membranis tenuibus compositum, nullis pilis vestitum. Asci operculati, magni, prominentes, non amyloides, clavati, membranis crassis. Paraphyses hyalinae vel colore perpallido, septatae, sursum incrassatae. Ascosporae biseriatae, membranis crassis, colore nullo, maturae ornamentis cyanophilis notatae, guttulas continentes.

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Fruit bodies small, superficial, discoid to pulvinate, whitish or very lightly pigmented. Outer excipullum simple, of thin walled, cyanophilic cells, without hairs. Asci operculate, large, protruding, non-amyloid, clavate, thick walled. Paraphyses hyaline or very lightly coloured, enlarged above, septate. Ascospores thick walled, biseriate, colourless, with guttules, at maturity with a cyanophilic ornamentation.

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 105 (1885)

Type species: Peziza stercorea Pers. 1800

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Poils du réceptacle longs et aigus. Hyménium rouge ou jaune, rarement de couleur fauve ou pâle. Spores n''ayant jamais intérieurement de gouttelettes. Hyménium jaune ou orangé. Espèces fimicoles.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 66 fide DoF [17 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Tuberac.: 50 (1831)

Type species: Choiromyces meandriformis Vittad. 1831

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Char. Uterus polymorphus, sessilis, arrhizus, extus laevis, interne carnosus, solidus, caro albida, venis proprie seminiferis, decolorantibus variegata. Sporangia longissime pedicellata, lagenaeformia, octospora, simplici serie ad latera venarum distributa. Sporidia sphaerica.

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 5 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Nytt Mag. Bot., 15 (1-2): 127 (1968)

Type species: Urnula geaster Peck 1894

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Apothecia juvenilia clausa, matura ex apice basin versus stellatim dehiscentia, excipulo toto textura intricata constructo, extus tomentosa, tomento e stratis cellularibus externis formato; pili tomenti simplices, septati, recti, pariete duplici fusco instructi. Asci cylindrici, non amyloidei, octospori. Sporae fusiformes, saepe asymmetricae, laeves, hyalinae. Cellulae paraphysium ante ejaculationem sporarum distincte turgescentes.

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia closed when young, splitting stellately from the apex downwards when ripe. Externally tomentose. Excipulum of a textura intricata throughout. The outer cell layers give rise to the tomentum which consists of a single type of hair. Hairs unbranched, septate, straight, and with a brown, double wall. Asci cylindrical, eight-spored, non-amyloid. Spores fusiform, smooth, hyaline. Paraphyses with cells that swell considerably before spore discharge.

in Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., 3 Abt., 3: 81 (1833)

Type species: Chromelosporium ochraceum Corda 1833

Type designated by Corda, in Sturm (1833)

Diagnosis: Char. gen. Sporae continuae coloratae, in gelatina nidulantes, floccis heterogeneis destructis ramosis, articulatis hyalinis inspersae. Acervuli effusi colorati.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Summa veg. Scand., sectio post.: 347 (1849)

Type species: Verpa caroliniana Schwein. 1832

Type designated by Cooke (1875)

Diagnosis: Verpa Schwein.! Discus pileatus, rugoso-tuberculosus, margine revoluto. Stipes rugoso-plicatus.

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 105 (1880)

Type species: Peziza scutellata L. 1753

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Poils du réceptacle longs et aigus. Spores lisses ou plus souvent verruqueuses, garnies intérieurement de gouttelettes nombreuses, très rarement presque nulles. Hyménium rouge, espèces terrestres ou humicoles.

Synonym of Scutellinia

Am. J. Bot., 63: 838 (1976)

Type species: Cleistoiodophanus conglutinatus J.L. Bezerra & Kimbr. 1976

Type designated by Bezerra & Kimbrough (1976)

Diagnosis: Apothecia coprophila, gregaria vel cespitosa, sese cleistohimenialiter evolventia, occulsa, autem, manentia, albo colore praedita; excipula ectalis cyanophilica, cellulas rectangulares vel quadratas habens; excipula medularis cyanophilica, cum textura globulosa; asci generaliter octospore, diffuse amiloides, large clavati, cum parietibus crassis in juventute, pedicelati; ascospori uninucleati, hyalini, ellipsoides, laeves, perisporium mucilaginosum ostentantes; paraphyses ramosae, hyalinae, septatae, multinucleatae.
Momentum conidiale: Oedocephalum Preuss.

Family: Ascobolaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia gregarious to cespitose, developing cleistohymenially, remaining closed, light colored; ectal excipulum of textura prismatica, cyanophilic, of rectangular or quadratic cells; medullary excipulum cyanophilic, of textura globulosa; asci usually 8-spored, diffusely amyloid, broadly clavate, thick-walled in youth, stalked; ascospores uninucleate, hyaline, ellipsoid, smooth, a mucilaginous perispore present; paraphyses branched, hyaline, septate, multinucleate; conidial stage: An Oedocephalum Preuss. Coprophilous.

Can. J. Bot., 49 (6): 851 (1971)

Type species: Cleistothelebolus nipigonensis Malloch & Cain 1971

Type designated by Malloch & Cain (1971)

Diagnosis: Ascogonia convoluta. Ascocarpae ab subglobosis irregulares, pallide brunneae, nonstromaticae. Asci irregulariter dispositi, ovoidei, evanescentes. Ascosporae unicellares, hyalinae, sine pora, sine "de Bary bubbles." Conidia modo blastosporae producta, hyalina, unicellaria, frequenter gemmifera.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarp initials coiled. Ascocarps subglobose to irregular in shape, pale brown, nonostiolate, nonstromatic. Asci irregularly disposed, ovoid, evanescent. Ascospores one-celled, hyaline, without germ pores, without "de Bary bubbles." Conidia produced as blastospores, hyaline, onecelled, often budding.

Mycotaxon, 10 (1): 99 (1979)

Type species: Complexipes moniliformis C. Walker 1979

Type designated by Walker (1979)

Diagnosis: Sporocarpia ignota. Chlamydosporae globosae, 55-110 µm in diam, ferruginae vel atrocinnamomeae, tunica stratis tribus: exteriore ± 1 µm, medio usque ad 6 µm, interiore 0.5-1 µm. Pagina sporae rugosa vel papillosa, altitudo ornamenti usque ad 4 µm. Hypha affixa papillosa vel interdum rugosa, bitunicata, septata cellusis usque ad novem, ad septa constricta, cellula ad basim sporae cupulata, usque ad 24 × 24 µm. Typus: Ames, Iowa, U.S.A., Walker #27 (OSC).

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Tent. disp. meth. fung.: 55 (1797)

Type species: Dematium sphaericum Pers. 1795

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 8 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Revis. gen. pl., 2: 849 (1891)

Type species: Peziza tricholoma Mont. 1834

Type designated by Seaver (1927)

Diagnosis: Cookeina OK. = Trichoscypha Cooke 1879 non Hk.f.* in BHgp. 1862. Die altere Anacardiacee gilt, sodass die Discomycetee anders zu benennen ist; sie moge den berühmten Namen ihres Begrunders tragen. Die Arten sind nach Saccardo sylloge VIII 160/3 übertragen: Cookeina [...]

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 12 fide DoF [8 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 107 (1885)

Type species: Peziza granulata Bull. 1790

Type designated by Boudier (1885)

Diagnosis: Réceptacles marginés, à marge dépassant ou ne d"passant pas l''hyménium, mais toujours l''entourant sur les côtés. Spores sans sporidioles, lisses ; espèces furfuracées, stercoricoles.

Synonym of Cheilymenia

Am. J. Bot., 54 (1): 21 (1967)

Type species: Ascobolus sexdecimsporus P. Crouan & H. Crouan 1858

Type designated by Kimbrough & Korf (1967)

Diagnosis: Apothecia sessilia, discoidea vel aliquantulum convexa, solitaria vel se congregantia, plerumque quam 1 mm diam, minora, ascis prominentibus asperata; asci operculati, 30 vel plures, 30-200 µ longi, 5-60 µ lati, in iodo non caerulescentes, in "congo red" aequabiliter tincti; ascospori in 1 vel 2 seriebus vel irregulariter dispositi, 8-256 in asco quoque, leves, elliptici, 6.0-16 × 3.5-10 µ, muris tenuibus, bullulam conspicuam continentes; paraphyses filiformes, septatae, uncinatae vel clavatae, simplices vel saepe ramosae.

Family: Coprotaceae

Number of species: 23 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syll. fung., 8: 527 (1889)

Type species: Lasiobolus brachyascus Marchal 1885

Type designated by Seaver (1927)

Diagnosis: Lasioboli et Ascophani spec. Auct. — Ascomata sessilia hemisphaerico-obconica, glabra vel pilosa, disco plano, ascis papillato. Asci clavati vel subpiriformes, octospori, paraphysati. Sporidia perfecte sphaerica, asperula, hyalina.

Synonym of Ascobolus

Ascomycete.org, 7 (2): 39 (2015)

Type species: Cupulina montana Dougoud, Van Vooren & M. Vega 2015

Type designated by Dougoud et al. (2015)

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia gregarious, hemispherical or cupulate, sessile, partially embedded in the substrate or superficial, small, brownish ochraceous yellow, brownish orange or orange. Margin protruding, grossly and irregularly crenulate or fimbriate, whitish to pale yellow. Asci operculate, octospored, inamyloid. Ascospores fusoid or ellipsoid, hyaline. Paraphyses straight, enlarged at the top, with yellowish or hyaline content, without iodine reaction, septate, simple or furcate. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa to globulosa-angularis. Habitat: on soil, on naked or mossy ground.

Hist. Class. Discom. Eur.: 39 (1907)

Type species: Cyathipodia platypodia Boud. 1907

Type designated by Dissing (1966)

Diagnosis: Ce genre est bien voisin des Leptopodia dont il ne diffère que par les réceptacles qui ne sont jamais à bords infléchis mais toujours cupulaires. Le pédicule est long, grèle, ordinairement non sillonné ou à peine lacuneux, plus rarement sillonné. Les thèques, spores et paraphyses sont celles des Helvelles. Toutes les espèces sont terrestres.

Synonym of Helvella

Mycologia, 16 (5): 240 (1924)

Type species: Daleomyces gardneri Setch. 1924

Type designated by Setchell (1924)

Diagnosis: Ascomata magna, inferne per stipitem et contextam mycelialem curtam robustamque, truncato obconicam, affixa, peridio maturitate proprio nullo vestita, interne labyrinthiformi-cavernosa; cameris numerosis cavis, clausis, forma magnitudineque irregularibus, earum parietibus hymenio vestitis, ascis elongatis, cylindraceis, octosporis, paraphysibus intermixtis; paraphysibus moderate robustis, ascos distincte superantibus, earum partibus exsertis flexis; sporis non septatis, oblongis, leviter ruguloso-reticulatis.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 10 [10 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate, discoid or sparassoid (cabbage-head), of various colours: whitish with pinkish tinges, becoming more or less brownish with age, purplish brown, olivaceous brown or distinctly violet. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with the top strongly bluing in an iodine solution (WTR type), with or without crozier. Paraphyses containing a vacuolar pigment, brown, purple brown or yellowish becoming brown with maturity. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa, with large cells, sometimes partly gelatinised in the outer part (e.g. D. exogelatinosus). Ascospores biguttulate, ornamented with isolate warts, punctiform or irregular, often more dense at the poles. Species saprobic, preferentially growing on basic substrates (burned soil, sandy soil, soil with a high pH).

Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 2, 19: 379 (1843)

Type species: Delastria rosea Tul. & C. Tul. 1843

Type designated by Tulasne & Tulasne (1843)

Diagnosis: Peridium tenuissimum byssaceum, candidum, arenae immistum; substantia carnosa, molliuscula, humida, in glebulis versiformibus septis mollibus albis immutabilibus (peridii filamentis stipatis intropulsis aequiparandis) dissecta ; sporangia ovato-oblonga, obtusa saepius incurvato-subreniformia, in glebulis nidulantia, sporas 3 (rarius 4) sphaericas reticulato-echinatas foventia ; guttula (?) in quaque spora subconcentrica. — Fungus basi absorbenti patentissima eradicata donatus.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Kew Bull., 31 (3): 639 (1977)

Type species: Dennisiopsis octospora Subram. & Chandrash. 1977

Type designated by Subramanian & Chandrashekara (1977)

Diagnosis: Discomyces apothecia gerens. Apothecia superficialia, sparsa, sessilia, laete flava vel cremea, e fasciculo vel e fasciculis pluribus ascoram et paraphysium in medulla basili constata; medulla sine excipulo ectali. Asci operculati 8- vel multispori, non-amyloidei. Ascosporae hyalinae vel pallide flavae, unicellulares, tenuiter tunicatae, globosae vel ellipsoideae, laeves, in massam interdum agglutinantes, unaquaque ''bulla de Baryea'' prominenter ornata. Paraphyses filiformes, septatae, simplices vel ramosae.

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

N. Amer. Fl., ser. 2, 1: 15 (1954)

Type species: Densocarpa shanorii Gilkey 1954

Type designated by Gilkey (1954)

Diagnosis: Ascomatibus hypogaeis aut epigaeis, compactis, puncto adjunctionis myceliali instructis, superficie glabris vel minute velutinosis, saepe tessellatis; texto corticis minute pseudoparenchymatico; gleba firmula lacunis multiformibus, saepe gyroso-labyrinthicis, floccis trajectis, hymenio ex ascis paraphysibusque in valium ordinatis vestitis; ascis cylindricis aut lente clavatis, octosporis; sporis globosis, levibus, saepe 1-4 tantum maturantibus, uniseriatis.

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 2 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarp hypogaeous or epigaeous, firm, with a broad mycelial area at the base, the upper surface often minutely downy and tending to crack irregularly, appearing tessellate at maturity; gleba penetrated by numerous chambers and winding canals lined by hymenium and filled at first by loose hyphae, these often breaking away raggedly in the wider cavities; peridium dark, minutely pseudoparenchymatous; gleba principally of compactly arranged hyphae or of prosenchyma. Hymenium consisting of asci and paraphyses in palisade, many of the paraphyses extending beyond the asci and filling the cavity with loose hyphae. Asci mainly cylindric or slightly clavate, normally 8-spored at first but with generally only 1-4 spores maturing; mature spores typically uniseriate, globose, smooth.

Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 1, 17: 83 (1829)

Type species: Desmazierella acicola Lib. 1829

Type designated by Libert (1829)

Diagnosis: Receptaculum orbiculatum; hymenium discoideum, discretum, setulis rigidis hirsutum ; Asci elongati, deorsum attenuati, flexuosi, absque paraphiysibus ; sporidia uniserialia, alba, ovata, sporidiolis duobus.

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Verticicladium type.

Persoonia, 7 (2): 193 (1973)

Type species: Dichobotrys abundans Hennebert 1973

Type designated by Hennebert (1973)

Diagnosis: Coloniae effusae, ochraceae hyphis hyalinis, laxis. Conidiophori erecti, magni, repetito dichotomice furcati; rami longi, divaricati, sursum curtiores, terminalibus geminatis globosis inflatis conidiogenis cellulis, simul conidia producentes, demum collabentibus. Conidia holoblastica, singula, sessilia vel pedunculata, subglobosa vel napiformia, laevia, superne saepe crassiori parite, inferne tenui pariete, cum vestigio pediculi dilabentia.

Synonym of Trichophaea

Mycologia, 83 (1): 103 (1991)

Type species: Dictyocoprotus mexicanus J.C. Krug & R.S. Khan 1991

Type designated by Krug & Khan (1991)

Diagnosis: Apothecia dispersa, sessilia, levia, discoidea vel patelliformia, albida vel flavida. Excipulum iodo non rufescentes, ex excipulum ectale textura angulari et excipulum medullare textura intricata compositum, Asci protrudentes, operculati, iodo non caerulescentes, cylindracei, basin versus in stipitem brevem attenuati. Paraphyses filiformes, simplices, hyalinae, in apice crassae et uncinatae. Ascosporae unicellulares, ellipsoideae, hyalinae vel flavidae, subtiliter reticulatae, bullam unam continentes, sine vagina gelatinosa.

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecla scattered, sessile, smooth, discoid to saucer-shaped, whitish to pale yellowish; excipulum cyanophilous, non-dextrinoid, two-layered, composed of an ectal excipulum of textura angularis and a distinct medullary excipulum of textura intricata. Asci protruding, operculate, nonamyloid, cylindrical, tapering below into a short stipe. Paraphyses filiform, simple, hyaline, enlarged and uncinate at the apices. Ascospores one-celled, ellipsoidal, hyaline to pale yellowish, ornamented with a fine reticulum, at maturity forming de Bary bubbles, lacking mucilaginous sheath.

Mycologia, 46 (5): 789 (1954)

Type species: Pseudobalsamia microspora Diehl & E.B. Lamb. 1930

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 9 (1): 331 (1979)

Type species: Dingleya verrucosa Trappe 1979

Type designated by Trappe (1979)

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarps hypogeous with a brown, verrucose peridium. Gleba white with rounded to narrow, labyrinthine chambers lined with a hymenial palisade and filled with asci, paraphyses and spores. Asci cylindric, mostly 8-spored. Spores globose to ellipsoid, hyaline to brown, ornamented with cyanophilic, rounded to irregular warts or ridges.

Summa veg. Scand., section post.: 348 (1849)

Type species: Peziza perlata Fr. 1822

Type designated by Fries (1849)

Diagnosis: Cupula (ampla) ab initio plano-convexa, centro adfixa. Sporidia sporidiolis duobus.

Synonym of Gyromitra

Hedwigia, 30: 301 (1891)

Type species: Discinella corticalis P. Karst. 1891

Type designated by Karsten (1891)

Diagnosis: Est Discina Fr. em. apotheciis minoribus. Complectitur species plures Humariae Sacc. Syll.

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 100 (1885)

Type species: Peziza venosa Pers. 1801

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Spores ovales elliptiques tardives, sans sporidioles. Genre fondé sur les P. venosa Pers. et reticulata Grev.

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Sydowia, 7: 200 (1953)

Type species: Discomycetella aquatica Sanwal 1953

Type designated by Sanwal (1953)

Diagnosis: Apothecia glabra, discoidea, hymenio convexo, valde gelatinoso. Hymenium in pagina superiore tantum evolutum. Asci longissimi, in stipitem attenuati, operculo apicali dehiscentes. Sporae hyalinae, ellipsoideae leves. Mycelium vegetativum superficiale, niveum

Synonym of Psilopezia?

Persoonia, 42: 195 (2019)

Type species: Peziza leucomelaena Pers. 1822

Type designated by Hansen et al. (2019)

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 4 [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia cup-shaped, mostly remaining concave when expanding, subsessile, or with a ± distinct stipe; stipe short, broad or slender, with a few ± conspicuous, blunt ribs gradually widening and subdividing towards the cup attachment. Hymenium yellowish brown to greyish brown, to dark brownish black; receptacle surface even or with few to many blunt to angular ribs and grooves below, pubescent, upper part whitish to dark greyish brown, below concolorous or often gradually paler to almost whitish. Asci cylindrical, operculate, arising from simple septa, 8-spored. Spores ellipsoid, obtuse or attenuate, smooth. Paraphyses filiform, septate, with clavate or subcapitate tips.

Cryptog. Mycol., 11 (3): 218 (1990)

Type species: Urnula helvelloides Donadini, Berthet & Astier 1973

Type designated by Bellemère et al. (1990)

Diagnosis: Apotheciae lignicolae, in ligno mortuo caduco enascentes, pedunculatae, cupulares, gregariae; cupula hemisphaerica, marginata. Stipes plenus. Asci octospori, cylindrati, base flexuosi. Endotunica in apice solum adest, natura heteroclita. Ectotunica in apice angustata, natura heteroclita. Apertio operculata haud suboperculata. Sporae pariete propra dispari, ac perispora verrucis parvis cyanophilisque ornata, et intus parcis guttulis repletae. Ascogenae hyphae non fibulatae. Paraphyses lineares, apice saepe furcatae ac nodosae.

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

N. Amer. Cup-Fungi (Operc.): 242 (1928)

Type species: Gyromitra phillipsii Massee 1895

Type designated by Seaver (1928)

Diagnosis: Ascophores large, consisting of numerous contorted and frequently anastomosing ribs resembling a Spamssis, the numerous cavities lined everywhere with the hymenium, the color ranging from white to rosy or faintly violaceous; flesh very brittle; asci 8-spored; spores minutely sculptured; spore-sculpturing consisting of minute warts or papillae.

Synonym of Daleomyces

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 185 (2020)

Type species: Galactinia polaripapulata J. Moravec 1969

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 5 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, discoid or slightly cupulate, small-sized, olive or yellowish with distinct olivaceous tinges. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored; ascus wall diffusely amyloid (W type). Paraphyses containing a yellow, yellow-ochre or olivaceous pigment, sometimes also with an external pigment at the top. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa with small to medium-sized cells. Ascospores eguttulate, sometimes containing small granules or drops in young state, smooth or ornamented. Species saprobic.

Persoonia, 6 (3): 377 (1971)

Type species: Arachniotus lectardii Nicot 1970

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 26: 381 (1986)

Type species: Humaria foliicola Henn. 1902

Type designated by Zhuang & Korf (1986)

Diagnosis: Ab Aleurina Massee cellulis excipuli ectalis isodiametricis, globosis vel angularibus, et non polygonaliter elongatis, parietibus cellularum exilibus et hyalinis; non rigidis et pigmentiferis differens. Ab Greletia Donadini et Smardaea Svrcek contentu cellularum excipularum brunneo, non purpureo, in speciminibus siccatis in aqua ad examinationem paratis, et apicibus paraphysium tumidis differens. Ab his generibus trbus omnibus texturis apothecialibus parum gelatinosis, et excipulo medulloso ex permixtione texturae angularis et texturae intricatae potius quam tantum ex textura intricata non gelatina consistente differens.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothectum dlscoid to subturbinate, sessile to subsessile, hymenium smooth, receptacle pustulate. Excipular tissues slightly gelatinous; ectal excipulum of textura globulosa to textura angularis, cells hyaline, thin-walled, pigmentation if present only in the cytoplasm; medullary excipulum of textura angularis mixed with textura 1ntricata. Subhymenium indistinguishable. Asci operculate, 8-spored, subcylindrical, J- in Melzer''s Reagent. Ascospores ellipsoid, biguttulate, with ornamentations on the surface. Paraphyses swollen at apex, with pigmented contents.

Bot. Gaz., 34: 40 (1902)

Type species: Eoterfezia parasitica G.F. Atk. 1902

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Res., 109 (2): 244 (2005)

Type species: Choiromyces echinulatus Trappe & Marasas 1973

Type designated by Ferdman et al. (2005)

Diagnosis: A Choiromyces sporis virgis conicis rectis obtusis, cellulis magnopere inflatis, ordiniibus DNA abhorrentibus (ad Pezizaceas, non Tuberaceas, affinis) et distributione in desertis Hemisphaerio Meridionali differt.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 14 (2): 46 (2022)

Type species: Fallacidiscus helveticus U. Lindemann, Roffler & Van Vooren 2022

Type designated by Lindemann et al. (2022)

Diagnosis: Differs from Spaniodiscus fuckelii and Ramsbottomia spp. by discoid apothecia with a small marginal edge, a hairless margin, and finely warted ascospores containing polar oil droplets, as well as its genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, yellow-orange-coloured, with an external surface densely covered by short brown hairs and a hairless margin. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata, ectal layer of textura subglobulosa/angularis. Hairs short, simple, superficial, septate, with a simple base, obtuse or slightly sharp. Asci operculate, 8-spored, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid. Paraphyses slender, ± enlarged at the top, containing carotenoid pigments. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, thick-walled, containing small bipolar oil droplets, finely warted. Trophic status unknown. Asexual morph unknown.

Kulturpflanze, 17: 276 (1969)

Type species: Morchella caroliniana Bosc 1811

Synonym of Gyromitra

Kew Bull., 51 (1): 193 (1996)

Type species: Pseudonectria suboperculata Döbbeler & P. James 1978

Diagnosis: Apothecia primum clavata, demum obovoidea vel turbinata, supra applanata. Discus aurantiacus. Receptaculum cupulatum, ad basin hyphis ramosis affixum. Excipulum ectale ad basin e textura prismatica compositum, ad lateris e hyphis subparallelis septatis compositum, muris hypharum crassis gelatinosisque; hyphae ad angulum parvum ad superficiem depositi. Asci operculati, jodo non caerulescenti, clavati. Ascosporae unicellulares, hyalinae, laeves, fusoideae, guttulatae. Paraphyses filiformes, septatae, rectae vel curvatae.

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia clavate at first, becoming obovoid or turbinate, flattened above. Disc orange. Receptacle cupulate, surface rough, with branched anchoring hyphae present at the base and lower receptacle. Ectal excipulum comprising textura prismatica at the base, and septate, sub-parallel hyphae above; excipular hyphae radially arranged, lying at a low angle to the surface, their walls thickened and strongly adherent. Asci operculate, iodine-negative, clavate, thin-walled. Ascospores unicellular, colourless, smooth, fusoid, often inaequilateral, guttulate. Paraphyses filiform, septate, straight or curved, flexuous.

Nuovo G. bot. ital., 34: 1348 (1928)

Type species: Fischerula macrospora Mattir. 1928

Type designated by Mattirolo (1928)

Diagnosis: A Tuberaceis adhuc notis eximium hoc novum Genus, ascorum, sporarumque habitu differt, dum facies universa cum aliis fungis hypogeais (praesertim e Genere « Tuber ») plerumque convenit. Peridio irregulari, difformi, circumvoluto, contextu pseudoparenchymatico ; colore umbrino-luteo notato. Carne fuliginea, venis luteis filiformibus dispersis. Ascis amplis, membranis spissis, formam praebentibus ovatam (130 usque ad 179 micra et ultra long, secundum sporarum inclusarum numerum) basi leviter attenuatis. Sporis raro unicis; plerumque 2-3-4 in singulis ascis, magnis (50-70 long. et ultra ; 40-50 lat. et ultra); non aculeatis, nec alveolatis (uti in Genere « Tuber »); sed dense verrucosis; verrucis difformibus, irregularibus, latis ; colore saturate castaneo-badio, illum Hydnothriae quodammodo referente.

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Rev. Gener. Plant., 2: 852 (1891)

Type species: Fuckelina bulbosa (Hedw.) Kuntze 1891

Diagnosis: = Macropodia Fuck. 1869 non (—um) R.Br* 1812 = Octospora Hedw. ex parte minima. Die Crucifere Macropodium gilt, sodass die homonyme Discomycetee anders zu benennen ist; sie sei dem Begründer dieser Gattung gewidmet. Die Arten sind nach Saccardo syll. VIII 158—160 von Macropodia übertragen [...]

Synonym of Helvella

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 101 (1885)

Type species: Peziza saniosa Schrad. 1792

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Cupula sessilis, integra, lactescens

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 43 (4): 210 (1989)

Type species: Coprobia pileiformis Svrček 1978

Type designated by Svrček & Moravec (1989)

Diagnosis: Carposomata parva, gregaria, usque confluentia, superficialia, absque hypothallo sed basi hyphis ferrugineo-brunneis, tenuibus, crasse tunicatis, septatis, dense connexis substrato adnata, primum subglobosa, pyriformia, apice truncata, dein pileiformia, disco convexo, hemisphaerico, immarginato, nonnumquam obtuse conico, margine undulato, granuloso, fulgide aurantiaco, subtus crasse obconica vel subcylindrica, stipitiformiter angustata, thecio sanguineo-rubro vel aurantiaco-rubro, extus minutissime granulata Excipulum externum atque medullaris textura globuloso-angularis, aurantiaco-coloratum, parte externa margineque cellulis globosis cyanophilis, ad basim pilis hyphoideis flexuosis hyalinis septatis et hyphis mycelialibus ferrugineo-brunneis instructum. Asci cylindrici, operculati, non amyloidei, octospori. Paraphyses crasse cylindricae, parte basali ramosae, sursum dilatatae, clavatae, subcapitatae vel lanceolatae, septatae, sub hyalinae. Ascosporae ellipsoideae, inaequales, intus irregulariter granulosae sed etiam biguttulatae, perisporio non separabile, verrucis cyanophilis in aequalibus ornato. Habitat saprobioticus.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 49 (1): 107 (1957)

Type species: Bulgaria rufa Schwein. 1832

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 8 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

G. bot. ital., 1 (7-8): 60 (1845)

Type species: Genabea fragilis Tul. & C. Tul. 1845

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Tuberac.: 27 (1831)

Type species: Genea verrucosa Vittad. 1831

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 32 fide DoF [17 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., tweede sect., 57 (3): 102 (1968)

Type species: Geneosperma geneosporum Rifai 1968

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 57 (4): 649 (1965)

Type species: Geodina guanacastensis Denison 1965

Family: Wynneaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecium goblet-shaped with a slender stem, thick-fleshed, corky to leathery; hymenium light-colored to bright-colored, yellow to red; exterior similarly colored, hairy; hairs fasciculate composed of thick-walled, nonseptate hyphae arising from the ectal excipulum; excipulum composed of two distinct layers, a medullary excipulum of entangled hyphae (textura intricata), and a rind-like ectal excipulum composed of more or less rectangular cells (textura prismatica to textura angularis); asci suboperculate, with eccentric opercula, cylindrical with gradually tapering bases, not turning blue in iodine, not all maturiilg simultaneously; ascospores ellipsoid, large, long, containing 1-2 large oil drops, heavily sculptured; spore sculpturing not staining readily in cotton blue, consisting of coarse, anastomosing ridges; paraphyses slender, cylindrical, septate, with subclavate apices; growing in the soil in the tropics.

Anal. Soc. cient. argent., 94 (1-2): 79 (1922)

Type species: Geomorium fuegianum Speg. 1922

Family: Geomoriaceae

Number of species: 8 [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci., 1 (3): 168 (1885)

Type species: Geopora cooperi Harkn. 1885

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 13 fide DoF [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syll. fung. (Abellini), 8: 63 (1889)

Type species: Peziza carbonaria Alb. & Schwein. 1805

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mém. Soc. roy. sci. Liège, 2e sér., 14: 320 (1888)

Type species: Peziza violacea Pers. 1794

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Cupula integra, vel lobata, sessilis, extus laevi, sub-pruinosa vel farinosa

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 4 [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate or discoid, violet-coloured. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with the top intensely bluing in iodine solution (WTR or WT type in G. ampelina), with crozier. Paraphyses containing a brown or purple brown vacuolar pigment. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa, with large cells. Ascospores smooth or ornamented with isolated warts, biguttulate, except in G. violacea where the drops may be visible only in young spores. Species saprobic, often growing on burnt soil.

Mycologia, 98 (5): 705 (2007)

Type species: Hydnocystis compacta Harkn. 1899

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, 80: 31 (1880)

Type species: Glaziella vesiculosa Berk. 1880

Family: Glaziellaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Contr. Etude Fl. Mycol. Landes: 204 (1926)

Type species: Helvella phlebophora Pat. & Doass., in Patouillard 1886

Synonym of Helvella

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 95(3): 183 (1980)

Type species: Plicaria planchonis Dunal ex Boud. 1887

Synonym of Smardaea

Mycol. Res., 92 (2): 192 (1989)

Type species: Gymnohydnotrya australiana B.C. Zhang & Minter 1989

Synonym of Geomorium

Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris, 3: 77 (1824)

Type species: Gyrocephalus aginnensis Pers. 1824

Synonym of Gyromitra

Summa veg. Scand., section post.: 346 (1849)

Type species: Helvella esculenta Pers. 1800

Diagnosis: Helvellae sp. Auctt. Discus bullato-inflatus, costis elevatis gyrosus.

Family: Discinaceae

Number of species: 18 fide DoF [25 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Sovetsk. Bot., 6: 51 (1942)

Type species: Helvella sphaerospora Peck 1875

Synonym of Gyromitra

in Yuan et al., Fungal Divers., 104 : 64 (2020)

Type species: Peziza retrocurvata K. Hansen & Sandal 1998

Type designated by Matočec et al. (in Yuan et al., 2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata apothecial, solitary or often in groups, medium-sized, epigeous, centrally attached to the substrate, regularly circular to much sinuous from the top view, cupulate when young, then plate-shaped, hymenial surface reddish brown, lilac-violet, violet-brown, purplish brown to dark brown, matte, margin upright then flattened to reflexed, entire, blunt, smooth and or beset with scattered white fibrils, whitish grey or pale brownish yellow, excipular ground concolourous with the margin, finely pubescent or ornamented with reddish brown patches distributed to the basal parts. Flesh fragile, homogenous, soft waxy, dry on cut or exuding watery to milk-white latex. Hymenium arranged as a regular palisade. Asci cylindrical, hyaline, apex subtruncate, protruding above paraphysis tips at full maturity, 8-spored, base tapered, arising from croziers, operculum apical, very narrow, occupying ≤ 28% of living mature ascus diam, functional, flat lentiform before opening, encircled by slight “u”-shaped indentation in the wall, periascal amyloid mucus thin and film-like through the entire length but almost lacking on opercular lense, while the thickest at the opercular edge where is moderately euamyloid, forming unclear thin annular zone, reaction gradually decreasing in strength towards the base, with reacting area on half of the ascus length or more. Ascospores hyaline, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid with ± rounded poles, radially symmetrical, 1-celled, subglabrous or with cyanophilic verrucae, perispore cyanophilic, not loosening when heated in lactic Cotton Blue or in KOH, wall 3-layered ± thick-walled, without sheath on ejected spores; sporoplasm multiguttulate, lipid content nearly maximal with all guttules of approx. same size or 2–3 large lipid bodies mixed with many smaller ones, lipid bodies much coalesced in dead spores, uninucleate, nucleus and nucleolus not contrasted nor stained in Lugol’s solution, de Bary bubbles absent in anhydrous media. Paraphyses cylindrical, apically obtuse to subclavate, straight to bent, not branching in the upper part, embedded in hyaline epithecial exudate or only with hyaline, thin coating, apical cell contain single or few non-refractive vacuoles entirely filled with finely dispersed minute pinkish brown particles and/or partially with larger non-refractive granules of the same colour, not containing vacuolar bodies, in Lugol’s solution pigment partially turning to rusty brown colour. Marginal texture in section displaying broad outline, textura globulosa-angularis mixed with some cylindric cell chains that may protrude as scattered cylindric obtuse, thin-walled hyphoid hairs or form loose tufts; texture is not cyanophilous. Subhymenium well-discerned, composed of hyaline subgelatinous densely woven textura porrecta. Medullary and ectal excipulum of ± homogenous, subhyaline texture, except for the cortical layer. Upper part composed of textura globulosa- moniliformis mixed with cylindric very long, mostly vertically oriented hyphae. Lower part composed of textura globulosa-angularis with intermixed intricate connective hyphae, cells smaller in size towards the surface. Cortical layer composed of textura porrecta-intricata, discontinuous layer when present pustulate, cells with ochraceous walls and rusty brown patches, coiled and agglutinated together; texture is not cyanophilous.
Ecology: Saprotroph on rich soil with litter and wood residues of Abies alba, on very rotten stumps and trunks of Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, sometimes also on rich soil outside forests, fruitbodies appear in spring or autumn to winter.

Mycologia, 76 (4): 748 (1984)

Type species: Hapsidomyces venezuelensis J.C. Krug & Jeng 1984

Type designated by Krug & Jeng (1984)

Diagnosis: Apothecia dispersa, cleistohymenialia, turbinata, margine distincto, brunnea, excipulum ectale et excipulum medullare exhibentes. Asci protrudentes, operculo disciformi, iodo caerulescentes, cylindracei, flavidiores, basin versus in stipitem brevem contracti. Paraphyses filiformes, granula flavida continentes. Ascosporae unicellulares, globosae, eguttulatae, hyalinae vel pallide flavidae, reticulum et spinae exhibentes.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 14 (2): 74 (2022)

Type species: Hellenicoscyphus hyalotrichus U. Lindemann, Van Vooren & Kaounas 2022

Diagnosis: Differs from Paratricharina by its hyaline marginal hairs organised in small bundles, the lack of excipular hairs and from Tricharina by its hyaline marginal hairs, the lack of excipular hairs and its bipolar spore granules, and from both genera by its genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, cupuliform, light brown to ochre. Receptacle hairless. Marginal hairs organised in small bundles, superficial, septate, with a simple widened base. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata, and ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from free croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, hyaline. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, smooth, containing small bipolar granules. Species probably saprobic. Asexual morph unknown.

Sp. pl., 2: 1180 (1753)

Type species: Helvella mitra L. 1753

Type designated by Dissing (1966)

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 52 fide DoF [57 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bot. Mag. (Tokyo), 46: 174 (1932)

Type species: Helvellella sphaerospora (Peck) S. Imai 1932

Synonym of Gyromitra

Bull. Torrey bot. Club, 30: 92 (1903)

Type species: Heteroplegma caeruleum Clem. 1903

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Apothecia superficialia, sessilia, carnosa, hemisphaerico-cupulata, furfuraceo-excipulata, magna; epithecium nullum; paraphyses praesentes; hypothecium percrassum, hyalinum, trilaminatum, lamina superiore et inferiore pseudoparenchymaticis, medullari hyphis parallelis intertextisque, tramitiforme; excipulum tenue, filis brevibus tomentosum. Asci octospori, cylindracei, iodo valde caerulescentes. Sporae continuae, hyalinae, ellipticae. Nomen propter hypothecium laminatum, ἕτερος, dissimilis, πλέγµα, τό, vimineum.
Est Piicaria hypothecio heteromorpho.

Synonym of Galactinia

Beitr. Mykol., 2: 47 (1852)

Type species: Heydenia alpina Fresen. 1852

Family: Pseudombrophilaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 23: 83 (1969)

Type species: Hiemsia pseudoampezzana (Svrček) Svrček 1969

Synonym of Octospora

Mycol. Progr., 12 (4): 684 (2012)

Type species: Hoffmannoscypha pellita (Sacc.) Stielow, Göker & Klenk 2012

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia superficially attached to the substrate, often slightly sunken into it, without stipe, roundish when juvenile and nearly entirely closed at the apex, cupulate when mature, at full maturity with ripped edges; lobes erect when juvenile, effused when mature. Ectal excipulum (epicutis) dark yellow-orange, seldom orange-brown, pseudoparenchymatous, with angular or isodiametric, thick-walled cell agglomerates (textura angularis), cells giving rise to dark brown, thick-walled, multiple septate cylindrical finely warted setae, single or cespitose, dark brown in water and 5% KOH. Asci operculate, cylindrical, eight-spored, monoseriate. Paraphyses slender, single, septate, with gentle orange pigmentation giving rise to the colour of the hymenium, slightly thickened and bent at the tip, arranged in palisade order.

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 320 (1870)

Type species: Humaria hemisphaerica (F.H. Wigg.) Fuckel 1870

Type designated by Denison (1959)

Diagnosis: Cupulae sparsae, rarius gregariae, sessiles, carnosae, majusculae, extus margineque aut ciliatae setosaeve, aut tomentosae, aut subglabrae, rarius totae glabrae. Disco concavo, demum applanato convexove, discolori. — Asci elongato-cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia ovata oblongove-ovata, plerumque guttulis 1—3 magnis, continua, hyalina dilutissimeve rubella. Paraphyses filiformes, variae. Plerumque terrestres.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 16 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 2, 19: 378 (1843)

Type species: Hydnobolites cerebriformis Tul. & C. Tul. 1843

Type designated by Tulasne & Tulasne (1843)

Diagnosis: Peridium vere nullum; substantia carnosa compacta similaris irregularis extus anfractuosa exarata, intus sinubus serpentinis partis, fungi ad superficiem apertis, varie pertusa; sporangia ovato-elliptica inordinate in substantia (extremae filamentorum ex quibus illa constat vesiculae auctae) nidulantia, sporas octo sphaericas reticulato-echinatas foventia. — Fungus globosus basi absorbente, mycelii fibrillis tenuissimis humo adhaerenti praeditus.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

G. bot. ital., 1 (7-8): 59 (1845)

Type species: Hydnocystis arenaria Tul. & C. Tul. 1845

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 46 (6): 783 (1955)

Type species: Hydnoplicata whitei Gilkey 1954

Type designated by Gilkey (1954)

Diagnosis: Ascomatibus lobatis, pucto adjunctionis myceliali destitutis; gleba plicis compactis et irregularibus, nonnumquam anastomosantibus, et fossas longas labyrinthiformesque et cubicula separantibus composita, ascis et paraphysibus in vallum ordinatis vestita; ascis cylindraceis; paraphysibus quam asci longioribus, apicibus in pseudoparenchyma intertextis; sporis uniseriatis, breve ellipsoideis.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., ser. 1, 18: 78 (1846)

Type species: Hydnotrya tulasnei (Berk.) Berk. & Broome 1846

Family: Discinaceae

Number of species: 15 fide DoF [9 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

University of Calif. Publ. Bot., 6: 336 (1916)

Type species: Hydnotryopsis setchellii Gilkey 1916

Type designated by Gilkey (1916)

Diagnosis: Ascocarp subglobose, compact, more or less lobed and wrinkled, without external opening; cortex sometimes extending deeply into interior; gleba composed of minute, irregular folds, more or less joined, forming complex system of veins separating canals and chambers; hymenium of regular palisade of asci, lining walls of canals and chambers; asci cylindrical, 8-spored; spores ellipsoid, papillose.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Docums Mycol., 15 (60): 48: (1985)

Type species: Hypotarzetta insignis (Berthet & Riousset) Donadini 1985

Synonym of Tarzetta

Mycologia, 100 (6): 934 (2008)

Type species: Imaia gigantea (S. Imai) Trappe & Kovács 2008

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Discom. Bohem.: 351 (1934)

Type species: Peziza linteicola W. Phillips & Plowr. 1887

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Synonym of Peziza

Cryptog. Mycol., 44 (12): 164 (2023)

Type species: Iodomarcelleina obscura Sammut, P. Alvarado & Van Vooren

Type designated by Sammut et al. (2023)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, discoid, sessile, dark coloured. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, with croziers, having a diffusely amyloid wall in iodine solution. Ascospores globose, multiguttulate, smooth. Paraphyses with an external pigment at the top. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa/angularis. Anamorph unknown. Trophic status unknown.

in Kimbr., Am. J. Bot., 54 (1): 18 (1967)

Type species: Ascobolus carneus Pers. 1801

Type designated by Korf, in Kimbrough (1967)

Diagnosis: Apothecia minuta, glabra, plerumque pigmentis carotenoideis colorata; asci in iodo caerulescentes; ascospori notis calloso-pecticis ornati, bullulis vel vacuolis evidentibus aliis deficientibus; status conidioferus Oedocephali instar quoad cognitus est.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 16 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia scattered to gregarious, closed in youth, expanding, becoming plane to convex, roughened with protruding asci, 1 to 2 mm in diam, pallid to yellow or flesh-colored, glabrous; excipulum of two areas, (1) ectal of pallid to pigmented textuia angularis, (2) medullary of textura intricata; asci blued in iodine (slightly stronger at their apices), staining uniformly in congo red, 150-350 µ long, 25-40 µ wide, operculate; ascospores 1 to 2 seriate, elliptical, 8.5-25 × 16-38 µ, finely warted to large (up to 3.0 µ) tack-head markings, without deBary bubbles or other guttules; paraphyses stout, simple or forked, septate, up to 10 µ thick at the apex, with or without oil droplets or pigments. Conidial state where known belonging to the genus Oedocephalum.

Asexual morph of Oedocephalum type.

Mycotaxon, 59: 128 (1996)

Type species: Iodowynnea auriformis (Pat. ex Le Gal) Medel, Guzmán & S. Chacón 1996

Type designated by Medel et al. (1996)

Diagnosis: A Wynnea affine differt ascis iodinos et sporae verrucosis in vittas in longitudinem porrectas confluentibus.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 187 (2020)

Type species: Peziza gerardii Cooke 1875

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, discoid or cupulate, sessile, violet-coloured. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with or without crozier, wall diffusely amyloid (W type). Paraphyses hyaline, with an external purplish brown to violet pigment located at the top. Ascospores fusoid, multiguttulate, ornamented with longitudinal striations (only seen with a high magnification). Species forming ectomycorrhizas.

Gen. fung.: 89 (1909)

Type species: Peziza pleurota W. Phillips 1887

Type designated by Clements (1909)

Diagnosis: Asci blue with iodin. Apothecia cleft on one side, ear-like

Synonym of Peziza ?

Nagaoa, 7: 5 (1960)

Type species: Jafnea fusicarpa (W.R. Gerard) Korf 1960

Type designated by Korf (1960)

Diagnosis: Apothecia patellata vel urceolata, 0.5-5(-8)cm. diam., excipulo exteriore e textura prismatica vel angulari, cellulis perpendiculariter ad apothecii faciem exteriorem elongatis. exterioribus brunneis, interioribus hyalinis vel brunneis; pilis superficialibus, brevibus, brunneis, vel in specie una absentibus; hyphae basaleres abundantes, subhyalinae, humi granula amplectentes et pseudostipitem isto modo efficientes; asci operculati, octospori, apicibus in Iodo non caerulescentibus; ascosporae grandae, hyalinae, primum biguttulatae deinde non guttulatae, verrucis minutis vel grandis ornatae. In humo et residuis vegetabilium. Holotypus : Peziza fusicarpa Gerard.

Family: Pyropyxidaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia discoid to deep cupulate, 0.5-8 cm. diam.; ectal excipulum composed of cells elongated perpendicularly to the outer surface of the apothecium, outermost cells brown-walled, inner cells hyaline or brown; hairs absent, or if present superficial, short, brown; basal hyphae abundant, nearly hyaline, enmeshing particles of soil to form a pseudostipe or cushion; asci operculate, 8-spored, J-; ascospores large, hyaline, biguttulate in youth, non-guttulate at maturity, marked with small to large warts. On soil and duff.

Mycol. Res., 109 (2): 242 (2005)

Type species: Tuber pfeilii Henn. 1897

Type designated by Ferdman et al. (2005)

Diagnosis: A Terfezia sporis spinis minutissimis dense congestis, ordiniibus DNA abhorrentibus, distributione in Hemisphaerio Meridionali differt.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 102 (5): 1059 (2010)

Type species: Kalapuya brunnea M.J. Trappe, Trappe & Bonito 2010

Diagnosis: Ascomata hypogaea, stereothecia, subglobosa. Peridium porphyreum vel brunneum, verrucosum, verrucis fissuris tenuibus separatis. Gleba solida, albida, contextu fertili griseo-brunneo maculato. Asci ellipsoidei vel globosi. Sporae ellipsoideae, laeves, juventute hyalinae, maturitate succineae.

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Progr., 12 (4): 670 (2013)

Type species: Kallistoskypha incarnata (Duvernoy & Maire) Pfister, Agnello, Lantieri & LoBuglio 2013

Family: Caloscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Karstenia, 9: 20 (1969)

Type species: Karstenella vernalis Harmaja 1969

Type designated by Harmaja (1969)

Family: Karstenellaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarp very thin, totally tightly appressed at the substrate (not being a true apothecium), its development probably gymnocarpic. Spores one-celled, rather thin-walled, hyaline in KOH, slightly yellowish in Melzer''s, blue in Cotton Blue (Methyl Blue) in lactic acid. Asci with persistent wall of the unitunicate type, discharging their spores with a puff, operculate, rather thin-walled, apex not differentiated, cylindrical, eight-spored, not blueing with Melzer''s. Excipulum throughout composed of more or less interwoven, filamentous hyphae (textura intricata). Subiculum (?) composed of interwoven, filamentous hyphae of other kind than those of the excipulum.

Mycotaxon, 40: 272 (1991)

Type species: Kimbropezia campestris Korf & W.Y. Zhuang 1991

Type designated by Korf & Zhuang (1991)

Diagnosis: Ab Peziza structura cyanophilica lentiformi intra parietem operculi asci inclusa differens

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mem. N. Y. bot. Gard., 49: 340 (1989)

Type species: Kompsoscypha chudei (Pat. ex Le Gal) Pfister 1989

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 54 (3): 493 (1970)

Type species: Korfiella karnika D.C. Pant & V.P. Tewari 1970

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 23: 85 (1969)

Type species: Kotlabaea deformis (P. Karst.) Svrček 1969

Synonym of Byssonectria

Bull. Jard. bot. Buitenz, sér. 3, 16 (2): 238 (1939)

Type species: Labyrinthomyces steenisii Boedijn 1939

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascocarps hypogeous with a brown tomentose peridium. Gleba with prominent, labyrinthine, mostly hollow chambers that do not open to the surface. Asci cylindric, long-stipitate, mostly 8-spored. Paraphyses much shorter than asci. Spores globose, hyaline, smooth in youth, at maturity ornamented with rounded, irregular warts.

Comm. Soc. crittog. Ital., 1 (5): 388 (1863)

Type species: Lamprospora miniata (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) De Not. 1864

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 46 fide DoF [29 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Can. J. Bot., 49 (6): 853 (1971)

Type species: Lasiobolidium spirale Malloch & Cain 1971

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata cleistothecial or apothecial, small, sessile, subglobose, slightly cupuliform or discoid, whitish, pale greyish or yellow-brown, with an external surface covered by brown hairs. Margin hairy on the apothecial species. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs ± superficial or deeply rooted, septate, with a simple base, sometimes multifurcate, long, upward-pointing, straight or helically coiled. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 4- or 8-spored. Ascospores ellipsoid, hyaline, eguttulate, but sometimes containing small granules usually disappearing in mature ascospores, smooth or verrucose with isolated warts. Species saprobic, coprophilous or not. Asexual morph unknown.

Bot. Zbl., 18: 220 (1884)

Type species: Lasiobolus pilosus (Fr.) Sacc. 1884

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 11 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 10 (6): 221 (2018)

Type species: Lasiocupulina mediterranea Van Vooren & M. Vega 2018

Diagnosis: Differs from Cupulina by the presence of a hairy margin and its molecular data.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 80 (6): 832 (1989)

Type species: Lathraeodiscus arcticus Dissing & Sivertsen 1989

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 31 (1): 241 (1988)

Type species: Lazuardia lobata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Rifai 1988

Family: Pulvinulaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 188 (2020)

Type species: Peziza badia Pers. 1800

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 7 [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate or discoid, sessile, dark coloured (brown, reddish brown, olivaceous brown, purplish brown, blackish purple). Flesh without coloured latex, but sometimes with a watery juice. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with crozier, wall diffusely bluing in an iodine solution, more or less intensely at the top (WT type). Paraphyses containing a brownish or olive-brown vacuolar pigment, and often showing an external brown pigment at the top. Ascospores biguttulate, sometimes with an oil drop larger than the other, more rarely uniguttulate, ornamented with irregular warts, but often with elongated warts or crests, sometimes forming a network or an incomplete reticulum. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa/angularis, with large cells. Species saprobic or ectomycorrhizal.

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 101 (1885)

Type species: Peziza hispida Quél. 1879

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Réceptacles sensiblement pédiculés ou obconiques, à squames triangulaires submembraneuses. Spores elliptiques, sans sporidioles.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 99 (1885)

Type species: Leptopodia elastica (Bull.) Boud. 1904

Synonym of Helvella

Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci., 11: 404 (1883)

Type species: Leucangium ophthalmosporum Quél. 1883

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Gen. Fungi: 175 (1909)

Type species: Leucopezis excipulata Clem. 1909

Synonym of Humaria ?

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 104 (1885)

Type species: Leucoscypha leucotricha (Alb. & Schwein.) Boud. 1885

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 10 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 84 (6): 927 (1993)

Type species: Loculotuber gennadii (Chatin) Trappe, Parladé & I.F. Alvarez 1993

Synonym of Tuber

in Crous et al., Persoonia, 35: 325 (2015)

Type species: Lotinia verna Pérez-Butrón, Fernández-Vicente & P. Alvarado 2015

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Czech Mycol., 47 (4): 272 (1995)

Type species: Luciotrichus lasioboloides R. Galán & Raitv. 1995

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Progr., 15 (4): 3 (2016)

Type species: Luteoamylascus aculeatus Cabero, P. Alvarado & G. Moreno 2016

Type designated by Cabero et al. (2016)

Diagnosis: A combination of smooth peridium, amyloid asci, and globose spores ornamented with large spines. Genetic profile differs from all other sequenced, described Pezizaceae

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 331 (1870)

Type species: Macropodia macropus (Pers.) Fuckel 1870

Type designated by Fuckel (1870)

Diagnosis: Cupulae magnae, sparsae, carnosae, plano-hemisphaericae, abrupte longe stipitatae, totae hirto-pulverulentae, disco vix discolori. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia in asci superiori parte oblique monosticha, ovato-ellipsoidea, uniguttulata, hyalina, laevia, continua. Paraphyses filiformes adsunt. Terrestres autumnalesque.

Synonym of Helvella

Nat. Arr. Brit. Plant., 1: 671 (1821)

Type species: Macroscyphus macropus (Pers.) Gray 1821

Synonym of Helvella

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 188 (2020)

Type species: Peziza howsei Roze & Boud. 1880

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 7 [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate or discoid, sessile, with pale mauve, purple or violet colours. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with crozier, wall diffusely amyloid in an iodine solution except at the top where the reaction is intense and forms a ring (WTR type). Paraphyses containing a brown vacuolar pigment. Ascospores biguttulate, ornamented with isolated, rounded warts, more rarely with irregular and coalescent warts. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa with medium-sized to large cells. Species saprobic.

Persoonia Suppl., 1: 233 (1967)

Type species: Ascobolus persoonii P. Crouan & H. Crouan 1867

Type designated by Brummelen (1967)

Diagnosis: Apothecia sessilia, interdum ad basin paullo constricta, terricola. Receptaculum carnosum, molle, sat parvum, demum expansum. Discus e piano convexus, violaceus, brunneo-violaceus, brunnescens aut nigrescens, pigmento carotenoideo miniato aut rubro destitutus. Asci cylindracei, operculati, pariete iodo non caerulescente. Ascosporae globulosae, ornatae aut laeves. Paraphyses tenues, apice incrassatae saepe curvatae vel curvulae.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 9 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Nat. Pflanzenfam. (Ed. 2), 5bVIII: 39 (1938)

Type species: Choiromyces terfezioides Mattir. 1888

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Revista Südam. de Botanica, 8: 161 (1950)

Type species: Maublancomyces gigas (Krombh.) Herter 1950

Synonym of Gyromitra

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 103 (1885)

Type species: Peziza melaena Fr. 1822

Synonym of Pseudoplectania

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 106 (1885)

Type species: Melastiza miniata (Fuckel) Boud. 1907

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 14 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Bot. Lond., 50: 860 (1936)

Type species: Microeurotium albidum Ghatak 1936

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Progr., 9(4): 569 (2010)

Type species: Micronematobotrys verrucosus Xiang Sun & L.D. Guo 2010

Family: Pyropyxidaceae

Number of species: 1 [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Conidiophores micronematous, pale brown, smooth or with ornamentation, unbranched. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, polyblastic, integrated, intercalary, hyaline to pale brown, inflated laterally, thin-walled, minute denticulate. Conidia solitary, simple, pale brown, verrucose to capitate, 1-celled, ellipsoidal, obovoid, clavate, straight or slight curved, base truncate, apex obtuse, eguttulate.

Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. Dresden, 23: 649 (1852)

Type species: Microstoma hiemale Bernstein 1852

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Elench. fung., 2: 29 (1818)

Type species: Midotis lingua Fr. 1828

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 2 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 26 (4): 213 (1972)

Type species: Miladina lecithina (Cooke) Svrček 1972

Synonym of

Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 5: 249 (1846)

Type species: Mitrophora semilibera (DC.) Lév. 1846

Synonym of Morchella

Mycologia, 78 (5): 869 (1986)

Type species: Monascella botryosa Guarro & Arx 1986

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Z. Mykol., 53 (1): 140 (1987)

Type species: Moravecia calospora (Quél.) Benkert, Caillet & Moyne 1987

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Neues Mag. Bot., 1: 116 (1794)

Type species: Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. 1801

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 36 fide DoF [35 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Res., 92 (1): 95 (1989)

Type species: Muciturbo reticulatus P.H.B. Talbot 1989

Type designated by Warcup & Talbot 1989

Diagnosis: Apothecia parva, hypogaea, superne hemisphaerica vel lenticulato-turbinata, infra compressa vel concava, saepe per acumen centrale obconicum affixa vel demum vel demum excavata, laevia vel lobata, initio firma et albida demum violaceo-lilacina vel atrobrunnea, hymenio supra superficiem externam. Excipulum medullosum e textura globulosa vel textura angulari. Asci e pedo oriundo immaturi breviter amyloidei ascosporis in turma irregulari prope apicem, maturi subcylindrici parietibus tenuis et omnino non amyloidei, evidenter sine structura apicale dehiscentia consociata, deliquescentes ubi maturi ut sporas liberarent, plerumque ascosporis 8, rare minus. Ascosporae uniseriatae uninucleatae, sphaericae, hyalinae, tum violaceo-lilacinae, demum atrobrunneae vel atrae, semper ornatae, haud amyloideae. Paraphyses hyalinae vel pallido-stramineae, sparsim ramosae ad basim et interdum omnino per longitudinem totam, ad apices leviter parvae, tenuitunicatae vel tunicis gelatinosis crassis, septis frequentibus, extensae super ascis ut epithecium formarent, gelatinescentes et demum deliquescentes in muco qui ascosporas tolleret.

Synonym of Ruhlandiella

Can. J. Bot., 51 (2): 305 (1973)

Type species: Mycoarctium ciliatum K.P. Jain & Cain 1973

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 83 (3): 536 (1984)

Type species: Clelandia arenacea Trappe 1979

Type designated by Trappe (1979) under the generic illegitimate name Clelandia.

Diagnosis: Ascocarpia exsiccata ± 2 cm in diam, profunde sulcata. Peridium glabrum, pallide fulvum, arena adherenti velatum. Gleba loculis vacuis labyrinthinis, hymeniis limitatis. Asci cylindrici vel saccati, octospori, valde amyloidei. Sporae late ellipsoideae vel subglobosae, 10-12 × 8-10 µm in diam, dispersae, inferiores quam asci. Holotypus: ADW 15885.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Acta bot. Inst. bot. Zagreb, 1: 9 (1925)

Type species: Mycogalopsis retinospora Gjurašin 1925

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, Bot., 1: 269 (1899)

Type species: Myrmecocystis cerebriformis Harkn. 1899

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 5 [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 64 (3): 617 (1972)

Type species: Nanoscypha tetraspora (Seaver) Denison 1972

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 10 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia small, less than 1 cm broad, cup-shaped to discoid or subturbinate, substipitate to stipitate or sessile, centrally attached, less frequently eccentric; texture firm-fleshy to leathery when fresh, brittle and corky when dry; stipe, where present, similar in color and texture to the cup, slender; hymenium concave to discoid, usually some shade of orange but varying from yellow to red, often translucent; exterior whitish or yellowish, glabrous to glabrescent, becoming strongly wrinkled when dry; ectal excipulum sharply differentiated from the medullary excipulum, textura angularis to textura epidermoidea consisting of several layers of large, 5-30 µ, pseudoparenchymatous cells with their long axes perpendicular to the exterior, sometimes with the outermost layer of cells smaller, 1-5 µ, and with thickened walls; medullary excipulum well developed, 40-200 µ or more thick, textura intricata; asci suboperculate with a lateral operculum, iodine negative, less than 300 µ long, maturing seriatim, cylindrical to clavate with a long tapered, and often crooked, base, 4-spored or with a mixture of 8-, 6-, and 4-spored asci; ascospores mostly unequal-sided ellipsoidal (ellipsoidal and symmetrical in N. macrospora), smooth, containing two conspicuous oil drops; paraphyses filiform to subclavate, not anastomosing to form a network about the asci. On leaves, twigs, and small fragments of wood in the tropics.

Asexual morph of Mollardiomyces type.

Gen. Fungi: 333 (1931)

Type species: Napomyces gardneri (Setch.) Clem. & Shear 1931

Synonym of Daleomyces

Syll. fung., 8: 190 (1889)

Type species: Neottiella albocincta (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc. 1889

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 13 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 60 (6): 1160 (1969)

Type species: Neournula nordmanensis Paden & Tylutki 1969

Diagnosis: Apothecia stipitata, urceolata vel cupularia; margo crenata vel stellata; hymenium pallidum vel purpureum; externa pallida subbrunnea vel brunnea-purpurea; excipulum medullare e textura intricata; excipulum exterius e textura angulari; pili breves; asci suboperculati, cylindracei, in basim obtusi, in iodo non caerulei, non simul maturescentes; opercula eccentrica: ascosporae ellipsoideae vel oblongateae, verrucoseae, hyalineae; paraphyses tenues, ramosae, anastomosantes

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia stipitate, thin-fleshed, leathery, urceolate to goblet-shaped; margin crenate to stellate; hymenium light colored to dull purplish; exterior pale brown to purplish brown; asci suboperculate, cylindrical, with blunt, occasionally lobed bases, connected to the hypothecium by a narrow hypha, not maturing simultaneously, not bluing in iodine; opercula eccentric; ascospores elliptical or oblong, hyaline, at first smooth, becoming verrucose, the ornamentation staining in heated cotton blue; paraphyses narrow, branched, septate, anastomosing ; medullary excipulum of textura intricata, without an evident gelatinous layer; ectal excipulum of textura angularis, the outermost cells giving rise to short, scattered hairs consisting of individual hyphae.

Persoonia, 51: 145 (2023)

Type species: Nothoamylascus erubescens Healy & M.E. Sm. 2023

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascoma a ptychothecium, hypogeous. Excipulum composed of textura angularis or textura globulosa, with large isodiametric to ovoid cells, intermixed with oleiferous hyphae. Gleba composed of asci and paraphyses in a palisade. Asci cylindrical, evenly amyloid in Melzer’s reagent. Ascospores globose, ornamented with truncated spines. Mitotic spore mats in small clusters, epigeous on soil or hypogeous, white with pinkish brown areas, spore mass pink when young but yellow at maturity, mitotic spores nearly smooth to minutely warted, globose to subglobose.

Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., tweede sect., 57 (3): 93 (1968)

Type species: Nothojafnea cryptotricha Rifai 1968

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 17: 326 (1983)

Type species: Ochotrichobolus polysporus Kimbr. & Korf 1983

Diagnosis: Differing from Lasiobolus by septate hairs, from Trichobolus by operculate asci, and from both genera by having hairs present only at the margin and by forming buttresses at the bases of the hairs.

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Discom. Bohem.: 391 (1934)

Type species: Ochromitra sphaerospora (Peck) Velen. 1934

Synonym of Gyromitra

Descr. micr.-anal. musc. frond., 2: 4 (1789)

Type species: Octospora leucoloma Hedw. 1789

Diagnosis: Truncus simplicissimus, superficie terminatus fertili concava, plan, reflexa: de qua eriguntur, Thecae seminales membranulosae, elongatae, numerosissimae, utplurimum stupa filamentosa cinctae; utrisque inter se non cohaerentibus, seminibus octo foetae

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 84 fide DoF [35 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Nova Hedwigia, 31 (4): 827 (1980)

Type species: Nectria jungermanniarum P. Crouan & H. Crouan 1867

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Z. Mykol., 80 (2): 566 (2014)

Type species: Humaria nicolai Maire 1926

Type designated by Lindemann & Vega (2014)

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia 2-7 mm in diameter, sessile, at first more or less obconical, later becoming disc-shaped. Hymenium pale yellow, salmon pink to orange. Margin at first slightly bulged, later more or less membranous, with hyaline hairs; the flanks of the apothecium also covered with hairs. Asci 8-spored, operculate, not amyloid, base pleurorhynchous. Ascospores hyaline, broadly ellipsoid to broadly subfusoid, at maturity thin-walled, with minute refractive light brownish droplets, mostly binucleate, later becoming thick-walled and droplets accumulating in the centre. Paraphyses filiform, apically more or less swollen, terminal cell with faintly to distinctly yellowish homogeneous content. Excipulum two-layered: medullary excipulum of textura intricata/subepidermoidea, composed of thin-walled hyaline cells; ectal excipulum as textura globulosa/angularis, composed of hyaline, thick-walled, isodiametric cells. Hairs hyaline, thick-walled, walls one-layered, multi-septate.

Linnaea, 8: 131 (1851)

Type species: Oedocephalum elegans Preuss 1851

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 9 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Handb. Brit. Fungi, 2: 926 (1871)

Type species: Orbicula cyclospora Cooke 1871

Family: Pseudombrophilaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 5 (1): 151 (1915)

Type species: Orcadia ascophylli G.K. Sutherl. 1915

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syst. orb. veg., 1: 150 (1825)

Type species: Ostracoderma institale Fr. 1825

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Handb. Allgem. mykol.: 205 (1851)

Type species: Peziza onotica Pers. 1801

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 23 fide DoF [36 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycol. Res., 100 (1): 102 (1996)

Type species: Lamprospora crechqueraultii var. paludosa Dennis 1956

Diagnosis: Apothecia solitaria vel gregaria, albida, in sicco brunneola, primum cylindrica demum ovoidea vel obovoidea vel globosa. Discus valde convexus, laevis. Receptaculum emarginatum, glabrum, ad basin angustatum. Excipulum e textura globulosa compositum; muri cellularum tenues; cellulae marginem versus elongatiusculae vel clavatae. Asci operculati, cylindrici, I-. Ascosporae unicellulares, vel subglobosae, spinis ornatae. Paraphyses filiformes, septatae.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia solitary or gregarious, whitish when fresh, brownish-orange to brown after draying; cylindric at fist, becoming ovoid or obovoid to almost globose. Disc strongly convex, smooth. Receptacle emarginate, deeply cupulate, outer surface glabrous, attached to the substratum at a narrow base. Excipulum a textura globulosa, cells thin-walied, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, marginal cells slightly elongate or clavate. Asci operculate, cylindric, I-. Ascospores unicellular, colourless, globose to subglobose, ornamented with spines. Paraphyses filiform, flexuous.

Hist. Class. Discom. Eur.: 50 (1907)

Type species: Peziza barlaeana Bres. 1898

Type designated by Le Gal (1953)

Diagnosis: Le réceptacle est toujours épais, peu cupuliforme et plutôt étalé chez les grandes espèces, en coussinet chez les petites. Les thèques sont octospores et bleuissant très légèrement chez plusieurs espèces et pas sensiblement chez d''autres. Les spores sont largement ellipsoïdes, avec deux sporidioles accompagnées de granulations nombreuses. Ce sont des Champignons terrestres ou poussant sur les bois pourris. Les spores ressemblent à celles des Sarcosphaera ; l''aspect général est celui des Plicaria dont ils se distinguent par les spores elliptiques.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 19 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

in Corda, Icon. fung., 6: 55 (1854)

Type species: Pachyphloeus ligericus Tul. & C. Tul. 1851

Type designated by Zobel, in Corda (1854)

Diagnosis: Episporium muricatum.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 11 fide DoF [12 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Giorn. bot. ital., 1 (7-8): 60 (1845)

Type species: Choiromyces melanoxanthus Tul. & C. Tul. ex Berk. 1844

Type designated by Tulasne & Tulasne (1845)

Diagnosis: Stratum corticale peridii vices gerens crassum celluloso-carnosum, extus minute obtuseque verrucosum, apicem versus diminutum aut saepius foramine circulari lato crasse obtuseque marginato rimave tomento peculiari occlusis pervium, nec non et basi absorbenti minutissima non producta suberadicata instructum. Moles interior carnosa molliuscula venis primum marmorata, tandem subuniformis et unicolor; venarum natura duplex, aliae nempe pallidae ab initio coloratae et latiores saepissime et praecipue apicem versus demum hiantes et excavatae, e variis uteri partibus ad ostium vel fungi culmen rimosum confluentes, aerem videlicet admittum vehentes, aliae contra ex inferiore strati corticali facie in plantae infimis enatae, venis alteris intermediis obscuriores, utrinque sporangia gignentes. Sporangia ideo venas steriles vertice spectantia, oblonga lagenaeformia breviter pedicellata simplici plerumque serie ordinata. Sporae octo reticulato-echinatae sphaericae in quoviscunque conceptaculo inordinate nascentes.

Synonym of Pachyphlodes

Kulturpflanze, 17: 274 (1969)

Type species: Paradiscina melaleuca (Bres.) Benedix 1969

Synonym of Gyromitra

Beitr. Kryptfl. Schweiz, 8 (2): 32 (1935)

Type species: Paradoxa monospora Mattir. 1935

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 188 (2020)

Type species: Peziza succosa Berk. 1841

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 10 [8 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata hypogeous or epigeous; apothecial species sessile and cupulate. Flesh producing watery latex, becoming yellowsih, greenish or bluish in air. Asci operculate, 8-spored, mainly without crozier, wall weakly bluing in contact with an iodine solution, a little more intensely at the top (WT type). Paraphyses containing a brownish vacuolar pigment. Medullary excipulum containing laticiferous hyphae. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa, with large cells. Ascospores uni- or biguttulate, warted. Species forming ectomycorrhizas.

Kulturpflanze, 10: 368 (1962)

Type species: Paramitra ochreoides Benedix 1962

Type designated by Benedix (1962)

Synonym of Peziza

Ascomycete.org, 15 (4): 128 (2023)

Type species: Anthracobia rehmii Brumm. 1984

Type designated by Van Vooren & Valade (2023)

Diagnosis: Differs from Anthracobia by the presence of true excipular and marginal hairs, pluriguttulate ascospores and absence of carotenoid pigments

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, slightly cupuliform, disciform to discoid, whitish, pale greyish, orangish or ochre-brown, with an external surface covered by small brown hairs. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata and ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs ± superficial, septate, with a simple base, short, straight. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid or fusoid, hyaline, guttulate, smooth. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses without carotenoid pigments. Species saprobic, on burnt substrates. Asexual morph unknown.

Česká Mykol., 29: 129 (1975)

Type species: Parascutellinia violacea (Velen.) Svrček 1975

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 7 (3): 110 (2015)

Type species: Paratricharina poiraultii (Boud.) Van Vooren, U. Lindemann, M. Vega, Ribes, Illescas & Matočec 2015

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia about 10–20 mm in diameter or less, sessile, slightly cupulate with inrolled margin, expanded when old; outer surface covered by dense brown-red hairs, sometimes appressed and/or forming distinct pustules, but mostly straight and projecting outwards. Subhymenium thin, of textura intricata. Medullary excipulum of textura intricata, with thin-walled hyphae. Ectal excipulum of vertically oriented textura prismatica, with thin-walled cells, becoming a textura globulosa/subangularis in the outermost part, then with thick-walled brownish cells. Hairs more or less thick-walled, pale brown, more or less sinuous, septate, obtuse or pointed, with a simple base arising from the globose cells of the outer layer of the ectal excipulum. Asci cylindrical, with forked base, arising from perforated croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses cylindrical, rounded and slightly enlarged at the apex, with spumous compound KOH soluble content, without reaction in Lugol’s solution. Ascospores ellipsoid, hyaline, appearing eguttulate (in dead state) but with small polar aggregations of minute lipid bodies rapidly coalesced into two small polar guttules (in living state), more or less thick-walled, smooth observed in water and Cotton Blue, but with a rough to finely verrucose perispore if mounted in Lugol’s solution, entirely encapsulated by a delicate persistent sheath. Base of apothecia covered by hyaline anchoring hyphae.

Docum. Mycol., 16 (61): 5 (1985)

Type species: Paratrichophaea macrocystis Trigaux 1985

Synonym of Lasiobolidium

Ascomycete.org, 13 (1): 36 (2021)

Type species: Parawilcoxina inexpectata Valencia, Van Vooren & M. Vega 2021

Diagnosis: Differs from Wilcoxina by the presence of vacuolar bodies in paraphyses, its saprobic status, and its genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, slightly cupuliform, disciform to discoid, whitish to pale greyish, with an external surface covered by small brown hairs. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata and ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs superficial, straight, septate, with a simple base, sometimes arising from a chain of rounded cells. Ascospores uniseriate or irregularly biseriate, ellipsoid to narrow ellipsoid, hyaline, guttulate, smooth. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses containing vacuolar bodies. Species saprobic. Asexual morph unknown.

Bot. Antarct. Voy. Erebus Terror, 1839-1843 I, Part II, 2: 188 (1855)

Type species: Paurocotylis pila Berk. 1855

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 13 (1): 18 (2021)

Type species: Perilachnea hemisphaerioides (Mouton) Van Vooren 2021

Diagnosis: Differs from Trichophaea s. str. by deeply cupulate apothecia (at least in young state), mainly with a Humaria-like appearance, bi- or pluriguttulate ascospores, paraphyses containing small oil bodies, a saprobic status, and genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 6 [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, deeply cupuliform or discoid, whitish, yellowish or orange, with an external surface covered by sparse brown hairs. Margin hairy. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata and ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs superficial, septate, with a simple base. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, containing small oil bodies. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, bi- or pluriguttulate, smooth or very finely dotted. Species saprobic of the litter and woody debris of conifers or on enriched or burnt soil. Asexual morph unknown but germinating ascospores observed in P. hemisphaerioides and P. flavobrunnea.

Nat. Pflanzenfam. (Ed. 2), 5bVIII: 40 (1938)

Type species: Petchiomyces thwaitesii (Berk. & Broome) E. Fisch. & Mattir. 1938

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syst. mycol., 2 (1): 40 (1822)

Type species: Peziza vesiculosa Bull. 1790

Type designated by Clements & Shear (1931)

Diagnosis: Fungoides Tournef. J. R. H. p. 564. Fungoid. cava. Mich. gen. p. 205. Peziza. Dill. gen. p. 74. Ellvellae spec. Gled Schaeff. &c. Terana, Pezica, Trombetta. Adons. Octospora, Hedw. Musc. II. p. 4. Patella. Weber. Encoelia Hill. Pezizae spec. Pers. syn. p. 631. Nees Syst. p. 254.
CHAR. Receptaculum marginatum, cupulaeforme, primo sabelausum, mox expansum, epidermide tenui contigua. Hymenium laeve, persistens, distinctum. Asci ampli, distincti, fixi, sporidia elastice ejicienda includentes, parapbysibus immixtis. — Cupula centro adfixa, passim stipitata, libere evoluta, plus minus cava, demum passim planiuscula, disco polito (nec villoso l. pulveraceo) discolori. Velum universale, sed non distinctum & saepe nullum. Substantia carnose-membranacea l. ceracea.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 104 fide DoF [37 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Chromelosporium, Oedocephalum type.

Mycotaxon, 40: 275 (1991)

Type species: Pfistera pyrophila Korf & W.Y. Zhuang 1991

Type designated by Korf & Zhuang (1991)

Diagnosis: Ab Pezizalibus aliis (praeter Ascozonus) asci tholo apicale gaudentibus pariete valde tenui munito, ab Ascozono habitu non coprophilo et apotheciis multo magis grandioribus et complexe fabricatis differens.

Synonym of Peziza

J. Bot. Paris, 8: 155 (1894)

Type species: Phaeangium lefebvrei Pat. 1894

Synonym of Picoa

Michelia, 1 (5): 595 (1879)

Type species: Peziza apiculata Cooke 1875

Type designated by Vido (1879)

Diagnosis: Est Geoscypha sporidiis apiculatis fuscisque instructa.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 5 [6 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous or hypogeous; apothecial species sessile and discoid. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with crozier, wall diffusely bluing in an iodine solution (WT type). Paraphyses diffusely coloured (olivaceous brown), with also a brownish external pigment on the top article. Ascospores containing numerous small polar granules, ornamented with isolated warts and with polar apiculi, hyaline becoming brown with age. Excipulum of textura globulosa, with small to medium-sized cells. Species forming ectomycorrhizas.

J. Linn. Soc. Bot., 18: 388 (1881)

Type species: Phillipsia domingensis Berk. 1881

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 17 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 189 (2020)

Type species: Peziza phyllogena Cooke 1877

Type designated by Van Vooren (2020)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 5 [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate, sessile, external surface distinctly furfuraceous or pustulate. Flesh without latex, purplish-coloured. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with crozier, wall diffusely bluing in an iodine solution (W type). Paraphyses hyaline, with an external pigment at the top, pale brown, olivaceous brown or dark brown. Ascospores eguttulate but containing small polar granules, ornamented with warts. Species saprobic.

Persoonia, 7 (2): 199 (1973)

Type species: Phymatotrichopsis omnivora (Duggar) Hennebert 1973

Family: Rhizinaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 99 (1885)

Type species: Physomitra esculenta (Pers.) Boud. 1904

Synonym of Gyromitra

Monogr. Tuberac.: 54 (1831)

Type species: Picoa juniperi Vittad. 1831

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Monogr. Discom. Bohem.: 341 (1934)

Type species: Pindara terrestris Velen. 1934

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 317 (1870)

Type species: Peziza pitya Pers. 1800 (= Pithya vulgaris Fuckel)

Type designated by Seaver (1927)

Diagnosis: Cupulae subsparsae, media magnitudine, ceraceae, primo teretes, demum explanatae, in stipitem crassum brevem attenuatae, basi albicante fibrillosae, ceterum subglabrae, margine acuto vix distincto, disco colorato. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia monosticha, perfecte globosa, simplicia, hyalina dilutissime rubellave. Paraphyses filiformes, clavatae. Autumnales.
Dürre Aestchen, bisher nur der Coniferen bewohnend.

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 5 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Mollardiomyces type.

Persoonia, 39: 377 (2017)

Type species: Planamyces parisiensis Crous & C. Decock 2017

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 1 [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 323 (1870)

Type species: Peziza melastoma Sowerby 1799

Type designated by Saccardo (1889)

Diagnosis: Cupulae sparsae, majusculae, crasso-stipitatae, carnosae, basi plus minusve comatae, ceterum subglabrae, marginatae, disco plane concavo, discolori. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia monosticha, oblonga, demum guttulata, continua, episporio laevi, hyalino subrubellove. Paraphyses filiformes, subsimplices. Vernales.
Faulende Aestchen und dergl. bewohnend.

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 15 fide DoF [7 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Conoplea type.

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 325 (1870)

Type species: Peziza trachycarpa Curr. 1864

Type designated by Boudier (1885)

Diagnosis: Cupulae gregariae sparsaeve, a minoribus ad maximas, carnosae, substipitatae sessilesve, lato-obconicae, turbinatae vel explanato-plicatae, extus aut villo denso, brevi, aut furfuraceae, rarius subglabrae, margine elevato, disco plerumque nitido, concavo explanatove, discolori, quandoque tremelloso. Asci magni, cylindracei, subvermiculares, substipitati, fusci, toti oblique transverse plicati, 8spori. Sporidia in asci superiori parte primo disticha, demum monosticha, perfecte globosa, ovata oblongave, continua, episporio crasso, tuberculoso, fusco (in P. violaceae modo laevi hyalinoque). Paraphyses filiformes, articulatae, demum secedentes (an omnium ?). Terrestres fimicolaeque. Peziza trachycarpa Curr. in Rbh. F. eur. 620. et Peziza Marsupium Pers. Myc. eur. I. pag. 228. etiam hujus generis sunt.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 10 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Chromelosporium type.

Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. (ed. 2), 1 (3), lief. 42: 993 (1894)

Type species: Peziza radula Berk. & Broome 1877

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Ascomata subcupulata, majuscula. Sporidia globosa. [P. radula (B. ef Br.) Sacc, P. atrospora (Fuck.) Sacc, P. scabrosa (Cooke) Sacc].

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 30: 419 (1987)

Type species: Pseudaleuria quinaultiana Lusk 1987

Diagnosis: Apothecia sparsa vel fasciculata, mediocria, sessilia vel substipitata, orbicularia vel repanda; hymenio clare rubro-aurantiaco, extus similari vel pallidiore, pilis hyalinis, flexuosis, stratum externum velutinum tormantibus; excipulo duobus stratis composito, strato interiore ex textura intricata, strato exteriore ex textura angularis, ascis operculatis, non amyloideis, octosporis, cylindraceis, basin versus sensim angustatis, ad maturitatem non prodtrudentibus, muro tenui; ascosporis ellipsoideis, laevibus, hyalinis, eguttulatis, mediocribus; paraphysibus gracilibus, sursum plus minsve dilatatis, raro ramificantibus.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia scattered or in clusters, medium sized, sessile to substipitate, discoid to repand, thick-fleshed, texture firm fleshy to rubbery, becoming corky when dry; hymenium bright reddish orange; exterior concolor or lighter when fresh, with flexuous hyphoid hairs, these hairs forming a felty layer; excipulum two-layered, medullary layer is textura intricata, ectal layer is textura angularis; asci operculate, non-amyloid, eight-spored, cylindrical, tapering to the base, thin-walled, not protruding at maturity; ascospores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, eguttulate, uninucleate, medium sized; paraphyses slender, slightly to greatly and abruptly enlarged above, rarely branching.Soil and/or wood saprobe, or mycorrhizal.

Z. Mykol., 81 (2): 391 (2015)

Type species: Kotlabaea benkertii B. Perić 2013

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia 1-8 mm in diameter, sessile, smooth, at first hemispherical, later becoming disc-shaped, finally with irregular shape. Hymenium lemon yellow, greenish yellow, orange yellow. Margin slightly raised, smooth or finely serrated, sometimes irregularly wavy or incurved, same color as the hymenium. Asci 8-spored, operculate, not amyloid, base simple. Ascospores ellipsoid-ovoid or rhomboid, smooth, hyaline or occasionally pale yellowish, with many minute refractive droplets, later becoming thick-walled and droplets accumulating in the centre, with a cyanophilic perispore, dead ascospores containing occasionally a de-Bary-bubble. Paraphyses filiform, distinctly curved, septate, containing yellow or orange granules which do not stain green with iodine. Excipulum two-layered: medullary excipulum of textura intricata, composed of thin-walled hyaline cells; ectal excipulum as textura globulosa, composed of thin walled hyaline cells, intermixed with swollen hyphae. Anchor hyphae covering the base of apothecia.

Ascomycete.org, 11 (1): 20 (2019)

Type species: Cheilymenia catenipila J. Moravec 2003

Diagnosis: Differs from the species of Coprotus sensu Korf & Kimbrough by its marginal hairs composed of globose and elongate cells in chains, its fully developed marginal tissue, its much bigger size, and the rDNA analysis.

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 106 (1885)

Type species: Pseudombrophila pedrottii Boud. 1885

Family: Pseudombrophilaceae

Number of species: 28 fide DoF [10 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

N. Amer. Cup-fungi (Opercul.): 153 (1928)

Type species: Sarcoscypha minuscula Boud. & Torrend 1911

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 324 (1870)

Type species: Peziza nigrella Pers. 1801

Type designated by Boudier (1885)

Diagnosis: Cupulae gregariae sparsaeve, sessiles vel breviter stipitatae, majusculae, carnosae, extus aut pilosae, praecipue basin versus comatae, aut subglabrae, stipite basi in hyphas soluto, effuse radicante, disco marginato, concavo, discolori. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia monosticha, perfecte globosa, simplicia, laevia, hyalina vel pallide fusca. Paraphyses filiformes, simplices, subclavatae, quandoque coloratae. Vernales.
Auf faulenden Tannennadeln, selten auf nackter Erde.
Verhält sich zu Plectania wie Crouania zu Leucoloma.

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [9 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Opredelitel’ Gribov., 1. Sovershennye Griby: 414 (1913)

Type species: Pseudorhizina korshinskii Jacz. 1913

Family: Discinaceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 5 (1): 6 (2013)

Type species: Sarcosoma latahense Paden & Tylutki 1969

Type designated by Carbone et al. (2013)

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia turbinate to discoid, gelatinous to less gelatinous in age, substipitate, hymenium deep purple to black, external surface grayish to black. Asci operculate, 8-spored, inamyloid, tapering basally with some forked bases; spores elliptical to subcylindrical, smooth, hyaline, oil-dropped to eguttulate at maturity; paraphyses cylindroid, branched, anastomosing, closely septate, with bent or lobed tips; subhymenium of a thick textura intricata; medullary excipulum of a loose textura intricata; ectal excipulum of textura angularis, the most outer cells with brown walls; external hairs branched, septate, smooth, lobed, hyaline to pale brownish-olivaceous.

Hist. Class. Discom. Eur.: 52 (1907)

Type species: Peziza abietina Pers. 1794

Synonym of Otidea

Ascomycete.org, 11 (2): 32 (2019)

Type species: Pseudotricharina intermedia Van Vooren, Tello & M. Vega 2019

Diagnosis: Differs from the known species of Tricharina by its guttulate and roughly warted ascospores, and from Trichophaea species by its tricharinoid general morphology.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

London J. Bot., 6: 325 (1847)

Type species: Psilopezia nummularia Berk. 1847

Family: Rhizinaceae

Number of species: 5 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Hist. Class. Discom. Eur.: 34 (1907)

Type species: Morchella bohemica Krombh. 1828

Synonym of Verpa

Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk., 19: 9 (1871)

Type species: Pulparia arctica P. Karst. 1871

Synonym of Pulvinula

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 107 (1885)

Type species: Peziza convexella P. Karst. 1869

Family: Pulvinulaceae

Number of species: 27 fide DoF [9 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 12 (4): 189 (2020)

Type species: Galactinia subisabellina Le Gal 1967

Type designated by Hirsch (1992)

Diagnosis: Ascomata minuta vel media, applanata, crassa, estipitata, obscure purpurea vel purpureo brunnea. Carne molle, sine lactae. Sporae hyalinae, laeves, eguttatae. Asci cylindracei, totis parietibus tenuiter amyloidei. Paraphyses simplices, rectes, crassae claviformes, pigmentis in parietibus. Anatomia ascomatis simplex, textura intricata vel inflata, sine mediostrato.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 4 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata discoid or pulvinate, sessile, fleshy, whitish, pinkish to reddish-colored or purplish brown. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with crozier, with wall diffusely bluing in an iodine solution (W type). Paraphyses containing small vacuolar bodies. Ascospores eguttulate, but often with small granules at young stage, smooth or ornamented by isolated warts, in some species germinating to directly produce conidia. Ectal excipulum of textura globulosa/angularis, with large cells. Species saprobic.

Jahrb. nassau. Ver. Naturk., 23-24: 328 (1870)

Type species: Peziza cupularis L. 1753

Diagnosis: Cupulae sparsae, plerumque maximae, carnosae, breviter crasse stipitatae, campanulatae ampliataeve, extus pustulato-furfuraceae, disco vix discolori, submarginato. Asci longissimi, cylindracei, 8spori. Sporidia in asci superiori parte oblique monosticha, ovata, oblongo-ovatave, continua, 1—2 guttulata, episporio laevi, hyalino, rarius lutescente. Paraphyses filiformes. Terrestres autumnalesque.

Synonym of Tarzetta

Nytt Mag. Bot., 15(1-2): 84 (1968)

Type species: Peziza cupularis L. 1753

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Synonym of Tarzetta

Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur., 17 (1): 370 (1835)

Type species: Pyronema marianum Carus 1835

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Can. J. Bot., 62 (4): 705 (1984)

Type species: Peziza rubra Peck 1872

Family: Pyropyxidaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Dichobotrys type.

Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 9 (1): 44 (1924)

Type species: Ramsbottomia lamprosporoidea W.D. Buckley 1924

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Aust. Syst. Bot., 5 (5): 606 (1992)

Type species: Labyrinthomyces westraliensis G.W. Beaton & Malajczuk 1986

Diagnosis: A Labyrinthomyces e Dingleya peridio laevi, glabro et ascis sporis 1–4 (–5) differt.

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Differing from Labyrinthomyces and Dingleya in its smooth, glabrous peridium and asci with only 1–4 (–5) spores. Ornamentation of spores of some species collections swells inordinately in KOH. True ornamentation can be viewed in H20, Melzer''s reagent or cotton blue.

Observ. mycol., 1: 161 (1815)

Type species: Rhizina undulata Fr. 1815

Family: Rhizinaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Verh. K. ned. Akad. Wet., tweede sect., 57 (3): 104 (1968)

Type species: Rhizoblepharia jugispora Rifai 1968

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 2 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 103 (1885)

Type species: Peziza melastoma Sowerby 1798

Synonym of Plectania

Czech Mycol., 47 (4): 261 (1995)

Type species: Aleuria tuberculata Gamundí 1975

Type designated by Moravec (1994)

Diagnosis: Apothecia media usque magna, sessilia, cupuliformia, inaequalia, interdum auriculiformia, externe glabra, ad marginem pruinosa; hymenio miniato. Excipulum externum textura globulosa angularis compositum e cellulis latioribus, excipulum internum (medulla) textura globulosa angularis compositum e cellulis angustioribus cum hyphis intermixtis. Asci cylindracei, operculati, octospori, in toto iodo coerulescentes. Ascosporae late ellipsoideae, eguttulatae, pallide flavescentes, tuberculatae. Paraphyses filiformes, simplices, septatae, rectae sed apice curvatae, granulis aurantiacis impletae.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 16 (2): 442 (1983)

Type species: Rhodoscypha ovilla (Peck) Dissing & Sivertsen 1983

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 16 (2): 453 (1983)

Type species: Rhodotarzetta rosea (Rea) Dissing & Sivertsen 1983

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. mycol., 2 (3): 244 (1904)

Type species: Rickiella transiens Syd. & P. Syd. ex Rick 1904

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Am. Midl. Nat., 4: 386 (1916)

Type species: Peziza trechispora Berk. & Broome 1846

Diagnosis: nomen novum, based on Sphaerospora (Vido) Sacc., illeg.

Synonym of Scutellinia

Hedwigia, 42 (Beibl.): 24 (1903)

Type species: Ruhlandiella berolinensis Henn. 1903

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [5 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Fruitbodies pulvinate to brain-like. Excipulum of globose to angular, thick-walled cells. Asci cylindrical to clavate, weakly amyloid all over, without operculum; ascus wall evanescent. Paraphyses septate, branching, with a conspicuous gelatinous sheath; paraphyses distinctly exceeding asci in length. Ascospores globose, at first bi- to tri-seriate, hyaline, later uniseriate, with a pale brownish, strongly cyanophilic ornamentation.

Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 5, 10: 228 (1869)

Type species: Saccobolus kervernii (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Boud. 1907

Family: Ascobolaceae

Number of species: 27 fide DoF [15 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 10 (4): 179 (2018)

Type species: Peziza sicula Inzenga 1869

Type designated by Agnello et al. (2018)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata hypogeous or semi-hypogeous, medium- to large-sized, sarcosphaeroid in aspect and distinctly or indistinctly stipitate, at first angiocarpic, hollow, subglobose to pyriform, with a small apical orifice, gradually tearing concentrically to form erect or arched lacinias; hymenial surface smooth, purplish-violet; asci with fully functioning opercula, , pleurorhynchous, diffusely amyloid over the entire length, more intensely at the apex; paraphyses multiseptate, cylindrical or sometimes moniliform; ascospores monoseriate, ellipsoid, smooth or finely low warted, hyaline or subhyaline and mono- or multiguttulate,; in xeric scrub, dry grasslands and thermomediterranean matorral.

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 103 (1885)

Type species: Peziza coccinea Jacq. 1774

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 28 fide DoF [14 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Mollardiomyces type.

Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. Edn, 2, 1.3: 497 (1891)

Type species: Sarcosoma globosum (Schmidel) Casp. 1891

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 5 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Verticicladium type.

Hedwigia, 8: 82 (1869)

Type species: Peziza macrocalyx Riess 1852

Type designated by Auerswald (1869)

Diagnosis: Fungus suglobosus, undique clausus, deinde Geastri instar irregulariter rumpens, carnosus, extus membranaceo- corticatus, intus strato crasso merenchymatoso; hymenium tenue ex ascis tubulosis 8-sporis paraphysibusque filiformibus ramosis, septatis consistens.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Nord. J. Bot., 1 (1): 102 (1981)

Type species: Peziza scabrosa Cooke 1877

Type designated by Dissing & Pfister (1981)

Diagnosis: Apothecia raro plus quam 2 cm lata, catilliformia vel cupulata, hymeniis viridulis flavido vel olivaceo affectis, extra pustulis fuscidis prominentibus. Excipulum exterius textura globulosa vel angulari, cellulis globularibus vel elongatis, parietibus fuscidis, extrinsecus in pustulas conspicuas pyramidales vel conicas elevatum; excipulum medullare textura intricata. Asci omnino amyloides, operculati, cylindrici, basibus latis pleurorhynchis. Paraphyses rectae, septatae, supra matrice colorata granulari circumdatae. Ascosporae globulares, initio achroae, in duas series vel sine ordine dispositae, postea fuscidae, verrucosae uniseriales. Habitat in solo et in frustulis ligneis, locis deustis non affinis.
Species typifica: Peziza scabrosa Cooke.

Synonym of Plicariella

Nat. arrang. Brit. plants, 1: 668 (1821)

Type species: Peziza vesiculosa Bull. 1790

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Diagnosis: Thallus fleshy, membranaceous, brittle, sessile, hemispherical, spreading; outside scaly or mealy.

Synonym of Peziza

Cryptog. Mycol., 44 (12): 166 (2023)

Type species: Peziza pseudoanthracina Donadini

Type designated by Sammut et al. (2023)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata gregarious, epigeous, discoid, sessile, brown to black coloured. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, with croziers, having a diffusely but inconstantly amyloid wall in iodine solution. Ascospores globose, uniguttulate, warted. Paraphyses embedded at the top with a yellowish-brown exudate. Excipulum of textura globulosa/subglobulosa. Anamorph unknown. Trophic status unknown.

Mém. Soc. roy. Sci. Liège, sér. 2, 14: 299 (1887)

Type species: Peziza scutellata L. 1753

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 66 fide DoF [26 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Rev. Mycol. Paris, 1: 307 (1936)

Type species: Selenaspora batava R. Heim & Le Gal 1936

Type designated by Heim & Le Gal (1936)

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 104 (1885)

Type species: Peziza sepulta Fr. 1851

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: unknown

Ascomycete.org, 9 (4): 118 (2017)

Type species: Peziza patavina Cooke & Sacc. 1877

Type designated by Van Vooren et al. (2017)

Diagnosis: Differs from Leucoscypha Boud. by pigmented apothecia and smooth ascospores.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Česká Mykol., 23: 90 (1969)

Type species: Smardaea amethystina (W. Phillips) Svrček 1969

Family: Pyropyxidaceae

Number of species: 7 fide DoF [9 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Folia cryptog. Estonica, 42: 98 (2006)

Type species: Smarodsia stollii Raitv. & Vimba 2006

Diagnosis: Genus pyronematacearum Kotlabaea Svrcek similis sed in sporis distincte guttulatis et pilis setiformibus crassiter tunicatis differt.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia terrestrial, minute, broadly sessile, discoid to saucer-shaped, disc pale yellowish to pale ochraceous or orange-yellowish, receptacle concolorous with the disc, externally smooth. Ectal excipulum of hyaline, large-celled textura globulosa. The cells of outer layers have thick, refracting walls. Hairs scanty, hyaline, aseptate, firm-walled to thick-walled, cylindrical to conical, obtusely rounded, rarely almost pointed, straight to slightly flexuous, arising superficially from a basal cell. Asci pleurorhynchous, cylindrical, apically not bluing in MLZ, at first 8-spored but 4-spored at maturity in type species. Ascospores ellipsoid-fusoid, containing 2 big, more rarely 1 big or 1 big and several small lipid globules, sometimes with numerous small globules or granulose cytoplasma, spore wall without changes when heated in lactic acid. Paraphyses apically clavate, fi lled with numerous small yellowish drops in CB.

Svensk bot. Tidskr., 32: 118 (1938)

Type species: Peziza radiculata Sowerby 1797

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 16 fide DoF [10 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 14 (2): 43 (2022)

Type species: Parascutellinia fuckelii Donadini & Svrček 1985

Type designated by Lindemann et al. (2022)

Diagnosis: Differs from Scutellinia and other genera having an orange hymenium by the combination of the following characters: superficial and simple-based hairs, always smooth thick-walled ascospores, filled with oil droplets, and its genetic profile.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, orange-coloured, with an external surface and margin covered by short brown hairs. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata, ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis. Hairs simple, superficial, septate, with a simple base. Asci operculate, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, enlarged at the top, containing carotenoid pigments. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, pluriguttulate in living state, smooth. Trophic status probably saprobic. Asexual morph unknown.

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 108 (1885)

Type species: Ascobolus hyperboreus P. Karst. 1871

Synonym of Ascobolus

Fl. Regn. Boruss., 7: 467 (1839)

Type species: Sphaerosoma fuscescens Klotzsch 1839

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Syll. fung., 8: 188 (1889)

Type species: Peziza trechispora Berk. & Broome 1846

Type designated by Seaver (1927)

Synonym of Scutellinia

Česká Mykol., 15 (2): 66 (1961)

Type species: Sphaerosporella brunnea (Alb. & Schwein.) Svrček & Kubička 1961

Synonym of Trichophaea

in Corda, Icon. fung. (Prague), 6: 53 (1854)

Type species: Sphaerozone tulasnei Zobel 1854

Type designated by Zobel, in Corda (1854)

Diagnosis: Fungus cavus, irregulariter gibberoso-plicatus, apice hians, basi mycelio copioso pallide fusco donatus. Peridium tenuissimum (evanidum?). Hymenium periphericum, superficiale, componitur ex ascis clavato-cylindricis exotropis, intermixtis paraphysibus multo longioribus filiformi-clavatis. Asci paralleli, approximati 5—6-, rarius octospori. Sporae sphaericae, in ascis uniseriati. Episporium verrucosum, verrucis crassis obtusiusculis.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Nord. J. Bot., 9 (4): 426 (1989)

Type species: Spooneromyces laeticolor (P. Karst.) T. Schumach. & J. Moravec 1989

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

C. r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci. Paris, 21: 1433 (1845)

Type species: Stephensia bombycina (Vittad.) Tul. 1851

Synonym of Hydnocystis

Mycotaxon, 54: 130 (1995)

Type species: Strobiloscypha keliae N.S. Weber & Denison 1995

Diagnosis: Apothecia sessilia, juventute aliquantum turbinata, maturitate vade crateriformia vel plana, 1.5-5.0(-7.0) mm in diam, succulenta. Hymenium olivaceo-brunneolum vel olivaceo-cinereum. Pagina abhymenialis brunneola vel brunnea, glabra, margo minute pustullata. Sporae ellipsoideae, (18.7-)21-23.7 x (11.8-)12.5-13(-15.1) µm, hyalinae, maturitatae agullulatae, verruculosae, in ascis uniseriate. Asci J-, operculati, 8-sporae, 316-368 x 14.3-18.4 µm. Paraphyses rectae, anguste clavatae, septatae. Subhymenium e excipulum medullosum texturis intricatis, hyphae 5.3-10.5(-15.6) µm in diam. Excipulum ectale texturis globulosis/angularis. In strobilis Cupressacearum e Taxodiacearum.

Family: Strobiloscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mém. Soc. roy. Sci. Liège, sér. 2, 14: 325 (1888)

Type species: Peziza tarzetta Cooke 1877 (= Peziza catinus Holmsk. 1799)

Type designated by Rogers et al. (1971)

Diagnosis: Cupula subintegra, nuda, stipitata; stipite tenui, vel abbreviato, erecto vel radicato.

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 9 fide DoF [13 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 103 (4): 837 (2011)

Type species: Mattirolomyces tiffanyae Healy 2003

Type designated by Kovács et al. (2011)

Diagnosis: Peridium constans ex textura intricata. Gleba a peridio non separabilis, solida, marsupiis fertilibus et venis in sicco cremicoloribus. Asci sporis 1–4, paraphyses carentes. Sporae hyalinae, uniguttulatae, globosae, e verrucato porcatae. A Hydnobolite ac Mattirolomycete ordinibus DNA differt.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascoma a stereothecium without a basal mycelial tuft, not changing color with handling or damage, darkening slightly to cream-colored when dry. Excipulum thin, of slightly inflated, interwoven hyphae similar to those of the sterile glebal veins. Gleba solid, lacking paraphyses or channels. Asci 1–4-spored, irregularly arranged in fertile pockets. Spores globose, with one guttule, hyaline and ornamented with blunt-tipped warts and irregularly thickened ridges (Fig. 3j).

Fungi hypog.: 172 (1851)

Type species: Tuber arenarium Moris 1829

Type designated by Trappe (1971)

Diagnosis: Materie fertili in glebulas pulposas aggregata; sporangiis globosis ecaudatis in ipsa absque ordine nididantibus.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 12 fide DoF [16 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 11 (2): 41 (2019)

Type species: Terracavicola echinospora A.C. Grupe, Kraisit., Guevara & M.E. Sm. 2019

Diagnosis: A hypogeous, creamy-tan to light brown truffle-like ascoma with a roughened peridium that is covered with copious brown hairs (setae), the presence of a weak epithecium which covers the hymenium and prevents active discharge of the ascospores, and unique ITS and 28S DNA sequences.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 5, 10: 235 (1869)

Type species: Thecotheus pelletieri (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Boud. 1869

Family: Ascobolaceae

Number of species: 17 fide DoF [13 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycologia, 63 (1): 102 (1971)

Type species: Thindia cupressi Korf & Waraitch 1971

Family: Sarcoscyphaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. bot. Fr., 38: 62 (1891)

Type species: Tuber niveum Desf. 1799

Type designated by Trappe (1971)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. mycol., 1 (6): 515 (1903)

Type species: Trichaleurina polytricha Rehm 1914

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 4 [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 104 (1885)

Type species: Tricharia gilva (Cooke) Boud. 1904

Synonym of Tricharina

Nytt Mag. Bot., 15 (1-2): 60 (1968)

Type species: Tricharina gilva (Boud. ex Cooke) Eckblad 1968

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 13 fide DoF [8 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Asexual morph of Ascorhizoctonia type.

Ascomycete.org, 11 (5): 155 (2019)

Type species: Tricharinopsis herinkii (Svrček) U. Lindem., Van Vooren & Healy 2019

Diagnosis: Differs from Tricharina Eckblad by the absence of clustered hairs at the margin and by an outer surface densely covered with long hyaline to brown flexuous hairs (reminiscent of a Geopora species).

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Amer. J. Bot., 54 (1): 20 (1967)

Type species: Trichobolus zukalii (Heimerl) Kimbr. 1967

Family: Ascodesmidaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 105 (1885)

Type species: Trichophaea woolhopeia (Cooke & W. Phillips) Arnould 1893

Diagnosis: Poils du réceptacle longs et aigus ; spores le plus souvent garnies de gouttelettes intérieures. Hyménium blanchâtre ou glauque.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 25 fide DoF [11 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, subglobose, discoid or cupuliform, hymenium whitish, pale grey to grey-brown, brown or blackish, with an external surface covered by superficial brown hairs. Margin hairy. Excipulum two-layered: medullary layer thick, of textura intricata and ectal layer of textura subglobulosa/angularis. Hairs superficial, septate, with a simple base. Asci operculate, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored. Paraphyses slender, equal to enlarged (sometimes capitate) at the top, hyaline. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid or spherical, hyaline, uniguttulate, more rarely biguttulate, thick-walled, smooth. Species forming ectomycorrhizae.

Asexual morph of Dichobotrys type.

Phytologia, 24 (1): 18 (1972)

Type species: Trichophaeopsis bicuspis (Boud.) Korf & Erb 1972

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, apothecial, sessile, pale greyish, with an external surface and margin covered by upward-pointing brown hairs. Excipulum three-layered: medullary layer of textura intricata, ectal layer of textura globulosa/angularis and the outermost part of ectal excipulum of textura prismatica. Hairs simple or bifurcate, deeply inserted in the excipulum, septate, mainly with a simple base. Asci operculate, narrowing toward base, arising from croziers, inamyloid, 8-spored, more rarely 4-spored. Paraphyses slender, not enlarged at the top. Ascospores uniseriate, ellipsoid, hyaline, eguttulate, but sometimes containing small granules that can merge into two oil drops in overmature or dead ascospores, smooth or verrucose. Species saprobic, on soil, woody debris or organic matter. Asexual morph unknown.

Prim. fl. holsat.: 1-112 (1780)

Type species: Tuber aestivum Vittad. 1831

Family: Tuberaceae

Number of species: 86 fide DoF [44 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mykol. Untersuch. Ber., 1 (3): 377 (1923)

Type species: Tubipeda elastica (Bull.) Falck 1923

Synonym of Helvella

Mycol. Progr., 9 (1): 140 (2010)

Type species: Ulurua nonparaphysata Trappe & Claridge 2010

Type designated by Trappe et al. (2010)

Diagnosis: Ascomata usque ad 4 cm lata, sulcata, globosa vel turbinata, tomentosa, brunnea. Gleba venis labyrinthinis, vacuis vel hymeniis opponentibus repletis. Sporae hyalinae, late ellipsoideae vel subglobosae, 12–15 x 10–12 μm, verrucis minutis ornatae. Asci in hymenio innati, amyloidei, sporis octo. Paraphyses destitutae. Peridium glebaque cellulis multo inflatis.

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ann. Rep. N.Y. St. Mus., 43: 32 (1890)

Type species: Underwoodia columnaris Peck 1890

Family: Helvellaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Handb. Allgem. mykol.: 203, 311 (1851)

Type species: Urceolaria agelaea (Ach.) Ach. 1803

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 15 (2): 77 (2023)

Type species: Peziza tarembergensis Moyne, Stöckli, C. Page & Van Vooren 2017

Type designated by Van Vooren (2023)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Ascomata epigeous, cupulate. Flesh without latex. Asci operculate, 8-spored, with croziers, wall diffusely bluing in an iodine solution, more intensely at the top (WT type after the typology proposed by Van Vooren, 2020). Paraphyses containing small refractive vacuoles. Medullary excipulum of textura globulosa with large-sized cells, ectal excipulum of textura globulosa with smaller cells. Ascospores guttulate, smooth. Asexual morph unknown. Species saprobic on substrates enriched by urine.

Summa veg. Scand., section post.: 364 (1849)

Type species: Urnula craterium (Schwein.) Fr. 1851

Family: Sarcosomataceae

Number of species: 6 fide DoF [8 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Ascomycete.org, 14 (3): 111 (2022)

Type species: Plicariella vacini Velen. 1939

Type designated by Albanese et al. (2022)

Family: Pezizaceae

Number of species: 1 [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia discoid or irregular in outline, flattened to more or less convex, smooth to cerebriform; ascospores initially hyaline then yellow-brownish at maturity, ornamented; asci operculate, lightly amyloid in almost their entire length, much deeper at the top, 8-spored, with croziers; paraphyses cylindrical, septate, bifurcated, rarely trifurcated, with apex of various shape immersed in a light-brownish gelatinous content; subhymenium thin, of a dense textura intricata; medullary excipulum of textura intricata of cylindrical, subhyaline hyphae mixed with pyriform to rounded cells in the outer part; ectal excipulum of textura angularis. Besides its unique genetic profile, it differs from Plicariella in having ellipsoid ascospores, and from Peziza s.str. in having heavily ornamented light-brownish ascospores at maturity.

K. svenska Vetensk-Akad. Handl., 36: 129 (1815)

Type species: Verpa conica (O.F. Müll.) Sw. 1815

Family: Morchellaceae

Number of species: 5 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Linnaea, 24: 127 (1851)

Type species: Verticicladium trifidum Preuss 1851

Family: Incertae sedis

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Can. J. Bot., 50 (5): 999 (1972)

Type species: Warcupia terrestris Paden & J.V. Cameron 1972

Family: Otideaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [2 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 79: 397 (2001)

Type species: Wenyingia sichuanensis Zheng Wang & Pfister 2001

Diagnosis: Apothecia cupulata, stipitata, brunneloa, usque lO mm diam, 22 mm altitudo. Excipulum ectal e cellulis brunneloa, angularibus 5-20 µm diam (textura angulari), excipulum medullare ex hyphis brunneae. Compositum. Asci octospori, crasse tunicati, cylindracei, 270-295 × 13.5-16 µm. Ascospori ellipsoidei, biguttulati, 19-21.5 × 11-12 µm.

Family: Tarzettaceae

Number of species: 1 fide DoF [0 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Mycotaxon, 24: 511 (1985)

Type species: Wilcoxina mikolae (Chin S. Yang & H.E. Wilcox) Chin S. Yang & Korf 1985

Diagnosis: Ab Tricharina excipulo ectali non distincte bistrato, ascosporis dimidium superius asci maturi tantum occupantibus, et procreatione anamorphosis lente crescentis generis Complexipedis et non celeriter crescentis generis Ascorhizoctoniae distinguenda.

Family: Pyronemataceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [4 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Current definition: Apothecia small, cupulate, expanding to discoid, sessile, attached only at the center, scattered or gregarious; hymenium whitish to yellowish orange, senescing to brownish gray; hairs both marginal and running down the flanks, fasciculate, with large clusters near margin and clusters gradually becoming smaller towards the base of the apothecium, pale brown to brown, with narrow bases arising from a chain of thick-walled excipular cells, the broadest part of the hair well above the point of origin of the hair, containing brownish, globose inclusions often appearing attached to the walls, walls 2.0-4.0 µm thick, with thin or thick septa; excipulum clearly two-layered near the margin, ental layer becoming broader toward the apothecial base, of textura intricata, in some taxa having refractive, thick-walled hyphae threading horizontally through the layer, ectal layer of textura globulosa to textura angularis, composed of some almost globose to radially elongated cells with pale brown to brown, thick walls becoming mixed near the apothecial base with some small-diameter hyphae from the ental layer; asci cylindrical, narrowing toward base, apically operculate, 8-spored or rarely (2-) 4 (-6)-spored, J-; ascospores ellipsoid, uniseriate, lining up in the upper half of the ascus, smooth, hyaline or refractive-yellow when mature and mounted in media containing lactic acid, eguttulate, but often with a few small granules or with small, polar clusters of fine granules; paraphyses slender, septate, branched near base, with or without carotenoid particles, slightly enlarged toward apex.

Asexual morph of Complexipes type.

Nytt Mag. Bot., 15 (1-2): 126 (1968)

Type species: Wolfina aurantiopsis (Ellis) Seaver 1937

Family: Chorioactidaceae

Number of species: 3 fide DoF [1 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

J. Linn. Soc. Bot., 9: 424 (1867)

Type species: Wynnea gigantea Berk. & M.A. Curtis 1867

Family: Wynneaceae

Number of species: 4 fide DoF [3 integrated in 2000 Pezizales]

Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 1: 102 (1885)

Type species: Wynnella auricula (Schaeff.) Boud. 1885

Type designated by Eckblad (1968)

Synonym of Midotis